The stem cells used in this study have the potential to regenerate various tissues and organs and the human body, and are called "universal cells" in the medical field.
According to a paper published by Nature-Communication, American scientists have successfully transplanted human intestinal cell-derived intestinal grafts into rats by constructing regenerative organs on “live†scaffolds. This result can increase the treatment options for patients with short bowel syndrome.
Short bowel syndrome is a disease that loses part of the small intestine and reduces the patient's ability to absorb nutrients. The current treatment is transplantation, but the number of transplantable organs is limited, and the 3-year survival rate of the transplanted organ is low due to implantation failure and cell rejection. The use of patient-derived cells to make a regenerative intestine for transplantation may solve these problems, but with a limited success rate. Decellularized intestines have long been considered a promising alternative scaffold, but as of now, the organs obtained with such scaffolds lack the functional blood vessels required to restore nutrient absorption capacity.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School in the United States have created a stent that can both vascularize and deliver nutrients. They used a method that preserved the stent's blood vessels, removed cells from a rat's intestine, and then added two intestinal cells to restore nutrient absorption. The researchers used human stem cell-derived epithelial cells to create multiple cell spheres, called mini-intestinal spheres, which were fused on a scaffold with a silicone tube. After two weeks of incubation, endothelial cells were added. As a result, the nutrient transmission rate of the bioengineered intestine was similar to that of the rat native intestinal sample, and after 4 weeks of implantation, the bioengineered intestine continued to survive and mature.
The main impact of this study is that the researchers created a scaffold that is fully vascularized and capable of regenerating endothelial cells, as in a healthy intestinal tract, resulting in longer survival of the transplanted intestine. Although the method has not been tested by human body, and the intestines manufactured according to this method have not fully reached the maturity of the native intestine, certain technological progress has been made in terms of size and nutrient absorption capacity, which means the function of bioengineering manufacturing. The future of sexual transplants is considerable. (Economic Daily)
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