1. Using the throttle to control the speed of the engine Some tractor drivers put the throttle in the maximum position in order to increase the speed of the engine and the operating speed, which is very unfavorable for tractors that work on light loads. For example, sowing, ground transportation, cultivator, irrigation and drainage, processing, etc., due to the crew can not make the tractor full load, the increase in throttle will increase fuel consumption and reduce economic benefits. The operation of the engine at the highest speed will also accelerate the wear of the engine's friction and make the parts scrapped in advance. The correct method of use is: (1) Reasonable grouping to make the tractor work under full load. (2) When the full-load operation cannot be performed, shift gears, such as high-speed gears and working under medium-low throttle. (3) According to the above operations can not achieve the purpose, such as pumping irrigation and processing and other operations, can increase the power output shaft pulley diameter and other methods, so that the speed of the work tool is improved, without the application of a large throttle method of operation. 2. Do not crank the crankshaft before the start of spring, summer and autumn. Before the tractor driver starts the tractor in winter, the crankshaft should be cranked for 10-20 revolutions before starting. The other seasons do not have to turn the crankshaft. The reason for this practice is that winter oil viscosity, not easy to lubricate the friction surface of the various parts of the body, and the high temperature season, the viscosity of the oil is small, easy to make the lubricant to reach the friction surface, this is a misunderstanding. On the contrary, after the locomotive was parked overnight, the oil had a lower viscosity than in winter in the warm season, especially in the summer, and the oil on the journal surface was more likely to flow out on its own. The friction surfaces were nearly oil-free before starting. When the engine is started, the crankshaft journal and the bush, the piston ring and the cylinder liner work in a semi-dry state during a period of time when the oil pump has not pumped the oil to the friction surfaces. According to the theory of friction, this semi-dry friction will increase the wear and tear, leading to the early retirement of these important components and shorten the life of the engine. Therefore, before starting the engine, whether it is winter or summer, it is correct to crank the crankshaft. 3. Some drivers do not install a thermostat during the warm season. Some drivers think that in the winter, the engine should be equipped with a thermostat to improve the water temperature, while other seasons do not require a thermostat. This is also wrong. The purpose of installing the thermostat in the cooling system of the engine is to control the flow of the cooling water to the front heater, so as to ensure that the temperature of the cooling water can reach a suitable job quickly (usually at 3-5 minutes) under different loads of the engine. The temperature of 80 °C ~ 90 °C, in order to facilitate the engine to reduce wear, give full play to its power and economy, and prolong life. Therefore, do not remove the thermostat in the spring, summer and autumn. If it is damaged, it should be repaired and replaced in time. 4. Replacement method repairs At present, it is common to use replacement parts repairs instead of plans to prevent repairs. Even every repair period will replace some of the important parts that can be repaired, causing unnecessary economic losses. The engine parts should be identified and divided into two groups. One group must have been repaired at the limit, cannot be repaired at all, or can be repaired but has no repair condition, or the cost of repair is too high, and the time is too long. Replacement repair. This is not scrapped, but it is replaced with new ones. The old ones are repaired and replaced. The other group is able to repair, and the cost is lower, should be repaired, can not be replaced. Using this repair method not only saves repair costs but also improves repair quality.
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