China's north and south regions are vast, and summer rainfall varies greatly. After entering Futian, some areas have been torrential rains, and some areas have been hot and rain-free. It is a severe test for vegetables that are afraid of water, high temperature and drought. The weather conditions in Futian are changeable, and the management of vegetable production is concerned? Experts remind you to do the following work well.
Protective measures before heavy rain
For the large and medium sheds, most sheds are not affected by rainwater for vegetable production, and the greenhouse film is not removed in summer. At this time, it is necessary to do windproof fixed work in windy weather. Before the arrival of windy days, the greenhouse film should be removed in advance to prevent damage to the facility; if the wind level is small, the greenhouse should be closed to improve the typhoon prevention capability. For smart greenhouses equipped with shade nets, the sunshade nets should be collected in advance and tied.
For vegetables such as melons and beans that are exposed in the open field, it is necessary to do a good job of protection and lodging resistance. The uncovered seedlings can cover the film to avoid storm damage. At the same time, do a good job of draining water, dredge the ditch in advance, unblock the waterway, and eliminate the hidden dangers of water in the vegetable fields. Take measures to ditp the ground and drain the land where the drainage is not smooth, and minimize the damage caused by the disaster.
How to restore vegetable production after the rainstorm
1. Timely drainage, clearing the garden, and draining. Clean up the plant residues in time, spray clean water or 200 times of vinegar solution on vegetables with economic value, clean the sand, and bounce the plants with heavy rain and strong winds.
2. If there is a sudden rain after the heavy rain, it is necessary to carry out the “squatting garden†in time, and then the long-lived crops such as melons and beans are poured again with well water, and the surface heat is reduced by the well water, and the floor panel is reduced. .
If it is not drained in time, it will lead to insufficient oxygen in the soil, inhibition of root respiration, affecting the absorption of water and minerals. At this time, the anaerobic bacteria in the soil are also active, accumulating inorganic acids and organic acids, increasing the concentration of soil solution. , produce some toxic reducing substances, such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, etc., causing plant root poisoning death. Therefore, in the summer at noon, after encountering thunderstorms or heavy rains, it is necessary to carry out a "pour watering garden".
3. Medium tillage and topdressing. Timely cultivating the vegetable garden, increasing soil permeability, promoting root growth and improving soil nutrient and water absorption capacity. Combine cultivating with soil and topdressing bio-organic fertilizer or organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, apply 15~20 kg per acre, or add 0.2%~0.3% urea solution with liquid foliar fertilizer or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. Top dressing to restore the vitality of vegetables.
How to manage vegetables in high temperature and arid regions
The first is watering, which also reduces the temperature in the greenhouse while solving the drought in vegetables. It is best to water the water in the morning, and start to water the water in the morning. After 9~10 o'clock, the sun is particularly strong and you should not pour it again. As the temperature rises, the evaporation of water will take away the heat in the vegetable crucible, so that the temperature in the shed is 3 ° C ~ 5 ° C lower than the exposed ground.
The principle of watering is to reduce the amount of watering, increase the number of watering, increase the humidity of the air, and promote the growth of vegetables. Watering once every 3~4 days, pouring through the ridges (that is, alternating rows and sizes), the watering amount should not be too large.
Followed by top dressing, depending on the amount of vegetables grown and the amount of product harvested, determine the type and quantity of top dressing. The picking period of melon and fruit vegetables should be followed by the application of medium nitrogen, low phosphorus and high potassium water soluble fertilizer, applying 15~20 kilograms per acre. When the water is alternately watered, the water can be poured once before the topdressing can be poured. Pour a fertilizer water a few times.
Do a good job of rushing to the market, rushing to broadcast fast-growing leafy vegetables
The harvestable field vegetables will be harvested in time. The harvested vegetable fields are ploughed on sunny days, and the fast-growing leafy vegetables suitable for the season are planted in batches. The main varieties include water spinach, Chinese cabbage (green stalk) or Chinese cabbage (fast vegetables), leeks, and oil wheat. Vegetables (leaf lettuce), spinach, cabbage, kale, etc.
In the north or the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the medium-ripe Chinese cabbage can be broadcast live before and after the “Liuqiuâ€, or the Chinese cabbage can be stored in the winter. The seedling age is about 20 days. After the rainy season, the organic fertilizer is applied to the ground in time and planted in time. At this time, the autumn vegetables grown at this time should not be used for farmyard manure, and if the rot is not good, there will be a phenomenon of burning seedlings or dead trees. Each mu can be applied with 240~320 kg of commercial organic fertilizer, 40~50 kg of NPK (15~15~15) compound fertilizer, 20 kg of medium and trace elements, and 40~60 kg of biological bacterial fertilizer.
Strengthen pest control
When the humidity in the field is high, the wounds of the plants are susceptible to infection by the pathogens, which leads to the occurrence of diseases, and timely prevention and treatment. Seedlings can choose to spray protective agents, such as chlorpheniramine + allicin + rejuvenation, or use methyl thiophanate + neutrophin + neomycin + to prevent disease and downy mildew; After planting, broccoli or cabbage can be sprayed with mancozeb + leaf cumin + calcium galaxies in advance to prevent diseases such as black rot and root rot.
For aphids, whitefly, whitefly, cotton bollworm, red spider, and other pests, after the discovery of the central insect source, timely use of drugs to eliminate pests and diseases in the bud.
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