For growing broad beans, field management measures must be strengthened to obtain the desired yield. The main measures are: First, ensure the whole seedlings and cultivate strong seedlings. After the emergence of broad beans, timely inspection seedlings, make up the seedlings, in the absence of seedlings off the ridge, with soil seedlings and early make up to ensure that no ridges, no weak seedlings, to reach the whole seedlings. Under the premise of ensuring that there are 18,000 basic seedlings per acre, remove the seedlings and diseased plants and leave healthy seedlings. Broad bean seedling root system is small, the absorption of nutrients is limited, generally can recover 3 to 4 kg of urea per acre to raise seedlings, lay the foundation for high yield. Fertilizer can not be too much, otherwise there will be seedlings winter leggy, stems and leaves too soft or early flower phenomenon. In the event of drought in the seedling stage, they are susceptible to locust infestation and should be promptly controlled to prevent the occurrence and spread of virus-infected strains. Second, adding wax fertilizer, skillfully applying fertilizer. When the faba bean enters the wintering period, the growth of roots and plants is very slow. The application of wax fertilizer can promote the growth of roots and seedlings and improve the cold resistance. Wax fertilizer is generally applied in early January and is dominated by phosphorus and potash fertilizers, supplemented by nitrogen fertilizer. If the basal fertilization is insufficient, apply more phosphate fertilizer. The nutrients required during the fruiting period account for more than 60% of the nutrients needed in the whole growth period. If the supply of nutrients is insufficient, the effective flowers will be reduced, the fruit and fruit loss will be increased, the number of fruits and grains will be reduced, and the grain weight will be reduced. Appropriate application of flower fertilizer can increase fruit growth and effectively increase grain yield. Therefore, regardless of the growing strength of broad beans, flower fertilizer should be applied as appropriate. In the initial flowering period, 0.1 kg of urea, boron fertilizer or potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed on the water for 50 kg per acre for a total of 1 to 2 sprays, which can increase production by 10% to 20%. Third, remove the top and promote strong results. Vicia faba is an infinity of inflorescence, and its growth, flowering, and fruiting occur simultaneously. When the faba bean results in a certain amount, the top growth slows down, and when the flower number decreases, the top must be removed promptly. Picking the top can control a large number of nutrient up-conveyed, increase the number of fruit pods, full grain, control plant height, conducive to field ventilation and light, early maturation. Excluding the top of the head can increase the rate of achievement, but the total number of fruit can be reduced, and it can not increase production. If it is too late, it can not achieve the desired effect. When there are only seven leaflets on the top of the plant, it is most appropriate to choose the sunny dew and dry the top. If the top is picked on a rainy day, the stalk is susceptible to rot. Fourth, drain the ditch to prevent pests. In our province, there are more rainy days in spring, and the temperature difference changes greatly. The humidity in the field is large and it is prone to red spot disease, brown spot disease, and rust disease. Timely application of carbendazim and other agents can control the occurrence of diseases. Spraying omethoate can control aphid and faba bean harm. Combined with foliar application of pest control, can save labor. Clearing water in the field to reduce the water table and soil moisture can improve soil environmental conditions, increase the temperature of the ground, make the root system function normally, and reduce the phenomenon of falling flowers.
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