Super-sweet corn is a kind of fruit-vegetable special-purpose fresh corn. The characteristics of the fruit are that when the milk is cooked, it can be eaten as a fruit. The characteristics of the vegetables are reflected in the most suitable growth in the vegetable field, and the seedling management is similar to the vegetables, and the harvested objects. It is the fresh ear when milk is cooked, not the dry seed, which is the biggest difference from the feed corn. The main advantages of super-sweet corn cultivation in winter are: high yield, high quality and good efficiency.
1. High-yield corn is one of the few crops with the highest utilization rate of light energy. Super-sweet corn is harvested for the purpose of production. It is planted at 3,800 trees per acre and the average yield is about 1500 kilograms. .
Second, high-quality super-sweet corn is twice as sugary as ordinary corn and watermelon, and has excellent texture qualities such as thin skin, sweet taste, crisp tenderness and aroma. Due to high sucrose content, the rate of sugar reduction after harvest is slow. Long shelf life, not easily deteriorated, winter cultivation, off-season listing, better selling prices.
Third, the effectiveness of good economic benefits Super-sweet corn planting only need to invest 250 yuan per acre of seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, etc., while the gross income per mu can reach about 1,500 yuan, net profit of about 1250 yuan. The field management of super-sweet corn is similar to that of ordinary corn. Easy to plant and manage, it is an excellent crop with low investment and high returns.
Eco-efficiency The super-sweet corn is very resistant to adult plants and does not need to be sprayed with pesticides as often as vegetables. It can only be used for 2 or 3 times against ground pests, corn borers, etc. during the whole growth period, and the last time it is used is in grain development. It has been completed before and the fresh fruit produced is delicious, nutritious and safe. After harvesting, the ear can also obtain fresh corn stalk with a saving of 3 tons per acre and a green keeping degree of 98%. The corn stalk can be processed into silage and fed to livestock, further improving the comprehensive benefits of super-sweet corn planting.
Social benefits There are more winter and leisure fields in the hot regions of Yunnan Province, and there are abundant light and temperature resources in winter. Planting super-sweet corn is one of the ways to increase the multiple cropping index and increase farmers' income. After large-scale contiguous planting, the fresh fruit can be further processed into deep-frozen ear. Develop industrialization and prosper the local economy.
4. Super-sweet corn planted in winter is similar to ordinary corn and is a kind of light and warm crop. The temperature above ≥10°C is its effective accumulated temperature. Therefore, super-sweet corn planted in winter should be based on local conditions and should not be blindly produced. . For Yunnan Province, the most suitable planting areas are:
Winter warmth such as spring and summer, frost-free all year round, annual average temperature above 20°C, annual ≥10°C temperature above 7500°C in the North Tropics and similar areas (East of Ailao Mountain, 400 metres below sea level, 700 metres below sea level) . Such places as Yuanjiang, Jinghong, Mengla, Mengding, Hekou, Yuanmou and other places, due to frost-free winter in these areas, sowing schedules are not very strict, can be randomly seeded production, the success rate is extremely high.
The winter is warmer. Generally, light frost occurs in January, with an average annual temperature of 18 to 20°C, and an annual ≥10°C accumulated temperature of 6000 to 7500°C. The south subtropical region and similar regions (an elevation of 400 to the east of Ailao Mountain) 1100 meters, 750 to 1300 meters above sea level). Such as Dehong, Simao, Binchuan, Qiaojia, Xinping, Shiping, Kaiyuan, Jianshui, Mengzi and other places. Since most of the winter frost days occur in January, sowing seasons in these areas should be paid attention to avoid the appearance of corn grain in January. Super-sweet maize medium and early-maturing varieties require approximately 90 days for the emergence of seedlings and loose powder for silking in winter, and loose-powdering takes about 30 days for milk-cooking and about 120 days for emergence and milk-cooking. The sowing period in the above areas should be selected in November or December, or in late January, in order to effectively avoid the severe effects of low temperature and frost on reproductive growth. Maize seedlings are moderately cold-resistant, and if the seedlings encounter light frost, they can be watered and moistened to prevent frost. But not flooded. In terms of cultivation techniques, attention should be paid to the following aspects:
V. Cultivation Techniques
1. Choose suitable varieties cultivated in the area to be planted in a contiguous manner, and plant other types of corn around the different periods.
2. Use 1500 kg of high-quality farmyard fertilizer + 30 kg of compound fertilizer per acre to concentrate the ditch and acupuncture point as seed basal fertilizer before sowing.
3. Seeds of 3 to 4 seeds per hole, cover soil 3 to 4 cm thick, avoid thick soil cover, semi-compact varieties planted around 4000 per mu. After sowing, the seedlings were poured and the soil was kept moist during emergence. Conditioned areas can be transplanted with fertile seedlings.
4. Seedling tillage weeding 3 to 4 times, fine management, nurturing strong seedlings.
5. When the seedling height is about 50 cm, the tillers on both sides of the strong seedlings shall be pulled out. The jointing and big bell-mouthing periods shall be topped with 20 kg of urea for jointing and ear grain fertilizer.
6. Seedlings on the eve of the seedlings spray "to kill", trichlorfon and other pesticides 2 to 3 times to prevent corn borer and other pests, tasseling on the eve of the end of the heart must spray a key prevention and treatment.
7. During the flourishing period, shake the plants 2 to 3 times in the field, artificially assist the pollen, and increase the seed setting rate.
8. Tear the loquat leaf about 25 days after pollination to check the ear maturity and timely harvest.
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