Rice stripe disease is a serious viral infection that affects rice plants, especially during the seedling stage. The most common symptoms include chlorotic yellow and white spots appearing at the base of the heart leaves. These spots gradually expand into yellow stripes that run parallel to the leaf veins, while the areas between the stripes remain green. Different rice varieties exhibit varying degrees of susceptibility. For example, indica and japonica rice may show yellow or white, soft, curled, and drooping heart leaves, while high-grass japonica rice can develop dry, dead-like hearts. Dwarf japonica rice, on the other hand, does not typically display the dead-heart symptom but instead shows yellow-green interveinal fringes, reduced tillering, and earlier withering of infected plants. At the early stage of infection, yellow chlorotic spots appear at the base of the next leaf, which then spread into irregular yellow-white streaks. However, the overall leaf structure remains largely unaffected. Once the plant reaches the jointing stage, yellow-green stripes appear only on the lower part of the flag leaf, leading to heading malformation and reduced grain production. This clearly indicates that the earlier the infection occurs, the more severe the damage and the greater the yield loss. Prevention and control of rice stripe disease must focus on managing its vector, *Laodelphax striatellus* (the small brown planthopper). A key strategy is "pest control for disease prevention" and "cutting off the source of the virus." Given that the first, second, and third generations of adult planthoppers migrate into fields and create three peak infestation periods, it's essential to implement multiple stages of control measures throughout the growing season. Early intervention is crucial, as the earlier the infection, the more damaging the outcome. The "Covering Tian Tian Bao Datian, pre-institutional protection period" strategy emphasizes protecting young rice plants before they become infected. Chemical control usually begins in mid-June, focusing on controlling *L. striatellus* during the seedling stage. Recommended insecticides include Insectrophos-methyl, pyriprodil, chlorpyrifos, fipronil, and their mixtures. For foliar sprays, it’s important to target the tillering stage when the rice starts turning green again. Effective options include imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos (long-acting sustained-release formulation), fipronil (Frigidol), isoprocarb (Yefei San), thiamethoxam, buprofezin, and avermectin. To prevent resistance development, it's advisable to rotate insecticides. Selecting products with good persistence, such as pyridones, fipronil, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid, alongside those with quick action like chlorpyrifos and isoprocarb, can enhance control effectiveness. In addition, seed treatments with imidacloprid or fipronil can provide early protection. During the initial stages of infection, applying chlorobromoisocyanuric acid (a disinfectant) or Ningnanmycin (a bacterial-based agent) can help suppress the virus and reduce symptom severity. Other cultural practices are also vital. Deep plowing, removing weeds from fields and roadside areas, and avoiding proximity to wheat and corn fields can help reduce the virus reservoir. Delaying sowing dates, planting resistant rice varieties, and ensuring proper nutrient management—especially increasing phosphorus and potassium levels—are essential integrated management strategies to effectively control rice stripe disease.

Corn Gluten Meal

Corn Gluten Meal,Corn Gluten Meal Herbicide,Corn Gluten Meal Lowe'S,Corn Gluten Meal Bad For Dogs

JILIN COFCO BIO-CHEM AND BIO-ENERGY MARKETING CO., LTD , https://www.cofco-biotech.com