Peach tree leaf disease, which is a subphylum of the fungus Ascomycota, is a common, frequent, and frequently occurring disease of peach. In severe cases, 90% of the young trees, young shoots, and more than 60% of the young fruits of the whole tree will be damaged. This will not only seriously reduce the output, quality, and profitability of the tree, but will also seriously weaken the tree vigor and affect the output of the following year. In other words, one year of illness will cause two years of loss, which is the primary disease of peach trees in Yunnan.
symptom
The main damage to peach leaves, in serious cases also harm young shoots and young fruit. In the early years, young leaves just curled out of the bud scale and become red; with the increase of the leaves, the diseased part also increased, the red increased, and the texture became thicker and brittle; Over time, the disease department changed from red to yellow-white or silver-white powder, which was the ascostic shell of the bacterium, and finally became dark brown again, and the coke fell off.
After the young shoot is infected, the internodes become shorter and the shoots become thicker, often showing flat or irregular deformities. After the fruit is affected, most of the fruit fall off, and the fruit is deformed and the fruit surface cracks.
The law of incidence
The germs used ascospores to grow on the bark of the peach bud scales and branches. When the temperature was appropriate, they continued to reproduce. The spores were overwintered on the bark and scales or submerged into the leaves. When the peach buds germinate in the next spring, the spores germinate and the germ tubes directly penetrate the leaf epidermis or enter the shoots through the stomata, and the initial infection occurs. Before the blade is unfolded, it is invaded by the back of the leaf, and the leaf is invaded by the leaf after it is unfolded The ascospore layer was formed in early summer and ascospores and spores were produced.
The occurrence and harm of peach leaf deficiencies are closely related to the climate in early spring. In early spring, the temperature is low (10°C～16°C), and there is more rain and more rain. The air is humid. During the onset of the disease, the sun is dry and the incidence is heavy and heavy. On the contrary, the disease is mild or not. In the autumn from late August to late September, if the climate is similar to the early spring, it will also happen slightly.
Control methods
(I) Peach leaf thinning occurs fiercely and the damage is heavy. After spraying, the effect of spraying is minimal, and the effect of most drugs is poor. According to the experiment, only when the peach buds began to sprout and the scales wanted to open without opening, spraying 150-200 times the same amount of Bordeaux mixture, the best effect, and the effects were too early and too late. The reason is that the copper ions in the copper sulphate have the highest killing power to this pathogen, and the peaches are not resistant to acid corrosion. After the Bordeaux mixture is formulated, lime neutralizes the acid, so the effect is best and no drug occurs. harm.
If it can be in mid-December from winter to early January, combined with Qingyuan spray 3 times 5 degrees lime sulfur, 40 days after the Bordeaux multi-spray, the better.
(2) In the initial stage of disease, the diseased leaves were promptly removed and burned, and 0.3 degree lime sulfur was sprayed, or 1500 times 70% powder thiophanate methyl or 800 times 80% powdered mancozeb was controlled.
(3) When the incidence is heavy, it is necessary to top-dress fertilizers and supplement nutrients in time to promote the rapid restoration of tree vigor. (Yunnan Agricultural University)
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