The premature death of tomatoes in the greenhouse

Tomatoes have a strong adaptability to the environment of protected areas and are one of the major vegetable varieties cultivated in protected areas in recent years. However, due to planting in the same land year after year, and its cultivation measures are not appropriate, many places of winter shed tomatoes appeared premature aging phenomenon, resulting in increased deformed fruit, quality, decreased yield, thus affecting the income of vegetable farmers. The reasons for the premature decline of tomatoes in greenhouses and comprehensive prevention and control measures are described below.

First, the symptoms. Symptoms of tomato premature aging: fine stalks, thin growth points, less collaterals, small and thin leaves, yellowish color, sometimes with knob-like protrusions on the leaves, prone to cracking, empty and stale fruit, poor fruit coloration, fruit Small, reduced plant resistance.

Second, the cause of premature aging. (1) Continuous crop obstacles: Often planted year after year, this will cause poor growth. Even if a large amount of fertilizer is used, it will not be completely improved and it will cause premature tomato decay. (2) Unreasonable fertilization methods: One-sided addition of chemical fertilizers often results in soil compaction, reduced soil permeability, poor root growth, and premature tomato failure. (3) Improper nursery measures: Some vegetable farmers are accustomed to raising seedlings in advance. As a result, the former quail vegetables have not yet been harvested. The tomato seedlings have grown. After the estuary is emptied, old seedlings and leggy seedlings have been formed, often causing hollow stems and premature aging. . (4) Inappropriate use of hormones: After seedlings appear to grow in size, growers are often used to control pixilate shooters by spraying paclobutrazol, vasopressin, and booster. If the medication is too late, a top-heavy plant is often formed; if the medication concentration is too large, it is easy to form an aging seedling.

Third, comprehensive prevention and control measures. (1) Rotation: The most effective way to prevent premature senescence caused by continuous cropping is to implement a rotation of more than three years with non-solana fruit vegetables, strive for changes in pods, vary from year to year, and keep the soil structure stable. (2) Adding organic fertilizer and fungicide: Under the precondition of ensuring the required nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium during the growth of tomatoes, the amount of organic fertilizer, biological bacterial fertilizer and trace elements such as copper, iron and zinc should be increased. Increase soil organic matter, improve soil permeability, and create a good growing environment for tomato roots. (3) Cultivate strong seedlings: According to the reasonable arrangement of nursery time, the seedling age of spring tomato in protected areas is generally 60-70 days, and that of autumn quinoa is generally 30-35 days, and that of autumn wolfberry is 40-50 days. Seedling time. The seedlings were separated when the tomatoes had 3 true leaves. The spacing was 10 cm and 10 cm. (4) Appropriate control of leggy seedlings: improper management of autumn delay can easily lead to leggy seedlings. In order to prevent leggy seedlings, it is better to adopt physical methods such as increasing the area of ​​nursery beds, appropriately controlling watering, and increasing the spacing between seedlings. . In addition to the correct concentration of hormones, the use of hormones should also pay attention to the use of time, generally the best effect of the four seedlings before the true leaves. (5) Ingenious use of sugar: After practice in recent years, it has been shown that when tomatoes are planted, white sugar is added to the planting hole with an amount of 10-15 grams per hole, which is not only beneficial to the production of adventitious roots in tomatoes, but also promotes slow seedlings, prevents tomato from premature aging, and can be changed. Tomato quality, enhance tomato resistance.

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