Construction program of molecular biology laboratory
Molecular biology as the upstream technology of genetic engineering, the results and accuracy of the experiment will determine all the downstream steps and the final experimental results. So it is very important to build a complete molecular biology laboratory. Let's take a look at what instruments are needed to build a molecular biology laboratory.
1. Refrigerator: According to the needs of medicines, reagents and various biological preparations, it is necessary to have refrigerators with different temperature control levels. The most commonly used refrigerators are: 4°C, -20°C, and -80°C refrigerators. 4 ° C is suitable for storing certain solutions, reagents, medicines, etc. -20 ° C is suitable for certain reagents, drugs, Enzymes, serum, formulated antibiotics and DNA, protein samples and so on. -80 ° C is suitable for the preservation of certain long-term cryopreserved samples, E. coli strains, purified samples, special low-temperature treatment digestive juices, etc. The 0-10 ° C chromatography freezer is suitable for electrophoresis, chromatography, dialysis and other experiments under low temperature conditions.
2. Incubator: 37 ° C incubator for bacterial plate culture and molecular biology experiments.
3. Constant temperature culture shaker: used for the amplification of bioengineered strains such as E. coli.
4. Water bath: used for heat preservation and various experiments.
The 25-100 ° C water bath shaker can be used for molecular hybridization tests, various biochemical enzyme reactions and other tests for insulation.
The low temperature water bath can be used for experiments such as the connection of plasmids and gene fragments in molecular biology and heat shock for 42 degrees of E. coli competent state.
5. Oven: Mainly used for drying experimental vessels, some require higher temperatures and some require lower temperatures. Experimental equipment for RNA needs to be dried in an oven at 250 ° C. Some plastic utensils can only be dried in an oven at 42-45 ° C.
6. Ultra-pure water machine: With the rapid development of molecular biology, many experiments have higher and higher requirements for water purity, using tap water, distilled water, ion exchange water, reverse osmosis pure water as water supply, and magnet coupling gear pump Circulate water. For PCR, PCR amino acid analysis, DNA sequencing, enzymatic reactions, tissue and cell culture, etc.
7. Steam Sterilizer: Most reagents used in molecular biology, and laboratory equipment should be strictly sterilized. It is used for disinfection of small batches at any time. A large number of experimental items, reagents, and media can be disinfected using large-scale disinfection and timing.
8. Filter membrane: reagents that are not resistant to high temperature and high pressure are used in their bacteria.
9. Various balances: scales and precision electronic analytical balances for accurate weighing of various reagents.
10. Measurement of liquid volume: measuring cylinder, pipette, micro-pump, graduated test tube, beaker, conical flask, etc.
11. pH meter: an instrument for determining the direct potential of H+ in a solution, mainly by a pair of electrodes, which generate different electromotive forces in different pH solutions and are expressed by pH values;
pH test paper: Applicable only to a rough estimate of the pH of the culture solution, phenol saturation solution, buffer or other reagent solution. Most reagents require a strict pH value and require a high accuracy (two decimal places) pH meter.
12. Spectrophotometer: Optical density, spectrophotometer is an instrument that uses the absorption spectrum of a substance in the visible and ultraviolet regions to identify the nature and content of the substance. It consists of a light source, a monochromator, an absorption cell, a receiver, a measuring instrument or a display screen. The OD value is one of the convenient indicators for the quantitative determination of solute in many solutions. The absorption value of a certain solution to the monochromatic light is determined by the monochromatic light generated, and the preliminary determination of the quantitative and purity of the nucleic acid solution can be performed. The OD value can also be used as a detection indicator for the concentration of bacteria.
13. High-speed centrifuge: maximum speed 25000 r/m, maximum centrifugal force 89000g. There are two kinds of frozen and normal temperature, which are mostly used for preparation and hand collection of microorganisms, cell debris, cells, large organelles, ammonium sulfate precipitates and immunoprecipitates.
14. Ultra-clean workbench: There are UV lamps, lighting lamps, and alcohol lamp flames, 75% ethanol and other sterilization equipment, which is a device that provides local cleanliness. The principle is that the blower drives the air, passes through the low and medium efficiency filter, and passes through the work surface, making the experimental operation area a sterile environment.
15. Electrophoresis system: Electrophoresis technology is one of the tools for detecting and identifying the purity, content and characteristics of various biological macromolecules, and even separating, purifying, recovering and concentrating samples.
The electrophoresis system is divided into a power supply and an electrophoresis tank. The power supply needs to pass through the regulator through steady current flow, which can provide stable DC current and output stable voltage. Horizontal electrophoresis tank: generally divided into micro electrophoresis tank and large horizontal electrophoresis groove
16. PCR instrument: Polymerase Chain Reaction instrument, also known as DNA thermal cycler, gene amplification instrument, which binds a pair of oligonucleotide primers to both sides of the target sequence on the positive and negative DNA strands, thereby enzymatically synthesizing the copy. Millions of times of target sequence DNA fragments, each of which includes three processes of DNA denaturation at three different temperatures, primer renaturation, and DNA polymerase-catalyzed extension reactions. It should be noted that some laboratories may also need a gradient PCR instrument or a real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR instrument to perform some special molecular biology experiments.
17. The gel image analysis system: Bioteke visible gel UltraPower TM projector is a good choice for less than seven thousand, the detection sensitivity can pg stage (UV and EB only to 5ng), but without UV and EB It is safer to operate and take pictures very conveniently.
1. Refrigerator: According to the needs of medicines, reagents and various biological preparations, it is necessary to have refrigerators with different temperature control levels. The most commonly used refrigerators are: 4°C, -20°C, and -80°C refrigerators. 4 ° C is suitable for storing certain solutions, reagents, medicines, etc. -20 ° C is suitable for certain reagents, drugs, Enzymes, serum, formulated antibiotics and DNA, protein samples and so on. -80 ° C is suitable for the preservation of certain long-term cryopreserved samples, E. coli strains, purified samples, special low-temperature treatment digestive juices, etc. The 0-10 ° C chromatography freezer is suitable for electrophoresis, chromatography, dialysis and other experiments under low temperature conditions.
2. Incubator: 37 ° C incubator for bacterial plate culture and molecular biology experiments.
3. Constant temperature culture shaker: used for the amplification of bioengineered strains such as E. coli.
4. Water bath: used for heat preservation and various experiments.
The 25-100 ° C water bath shaker can be used for molecular hybridization tests, various biochemical enzyme reactions and other tests for insulation.
The low temperature water bath can be used for experiments such as the connection of plasmids and gene fragments in molecular biology and heat shock for 42 degrees of E. coli competent state.
5. Oven: Mainly used for drying experimental vessels, some require higher temperatures and some require lower temperatures. Experimental equipment for RNA needs to be dried in an oven at 250 ° C. Some plastic utensils can only be dried in an oven at 42-45 ° C.
6. Ultra-pure water machine: With the rapid development of molecular biology, many experiments have higher and higher requirements for water purity, using tap water, distilled water, ion exchange water, reverse osmosis pure water as water supply, and magnet coupling gear pump Circulate water. For PCR, PCR amino acid analysis, DNA sequencing, enzymatic reactions, tissue and cell culture, etc.
7. Steam Sterilizer: Most reagents used in molecular biology, and laboratory equipment should be strictly sterilized. It is used for disinfection of small batches at any time. A large number of experimental items, reagents, and media can be disinfected using large-scale disinfection and timing.
8. Filter membrane: reagents that are not resistant to high temperature and high pressure are used in their bacteria.
9. Various balances: scales and precision electronic analytical balances for accurate weighing of various reagents.
10. Measurement of liquid volume: measuring cylinder, pipette, micro-pump, graduated test tube, beaker, conical flask, etc.
11. pH meter: an instrument for determining the direct potential of H+ in a solution, mainly by a pair of electrodes, which generate different electromotive forces in different pH solutions and are expressed by pH values;
pH test paper: Applicable only to a rough estimate of the pH of the culture solution, phenol saturation solution, buffer or other reagent solution. Most reagents require a strict pH value and require a high accuracy (two decimal places) pH meter.
12. Spectrophotometer: Optical density, spectrophotometer is an instrument that uses the absorption spectrum of a substance in the visible and ultraviolet regions to identify the nature and content of the substance. It consists of a light source, a monochromator, an absorption cell, a receiver, a measuring instrument or a display screen. The OD value is one of the convenient indicators for the quantitative determination of solute in many solutions. The absorption value of a certain solution to the monochromatic light is determined by the monochromatic light generated, and the preliminary determination of the quantitative and purity of the nucleic acid solution can be performed. The OD value can also be used as a detection indicator for the concentration of bacteria.
13. High-speed centrifuge: maximum speed 25000 r/m, maximum centrifugal force 89000g. There are two kinds of frozen and normal temperature, which are mostly used for preparation and hand collection of microorganisms, cell debris, cells, large organelles, ammonium sulfate precipitates and immunoprecipitates.
14. Ultra-clean workbench: There are UV lamps, lighting lamps, and alcohol lamp flames, 75% ethanol and other sterilization equipment, which is a device that provides local cleanliness. The principle is that the blower drives the air, passes through the low and medium efficiency filter, and passes through the work surface, making the experimental operation area a sterile environment.
15. Electrophoresis system: Electrophoresis technology is one of the tools for detecting and identifying the purity, content and characteristics of various biological macromolecules, and even separating, purifying, recovering and concentrating samples.
The electrophoresis system is divided into a power supply and an electrophoresis tank. The power supply needs to pass through the regulator through steady current flow, which can provide stable DC current and output stable voltage. Horizontal electrophoresis tank: generally divided into micro electrophoresis tank and large horizontal electrophoresis groove
16. PCR instrument: Polymerase Chain Reaction instrument, also known as DNA thermal cycler, gene amplification instrument, which binds a pair of oligonucleotide primers to both sides of the target sequence on the positive and negative DNA strands, thereby enzymatically synthesizing the copy. Millions of times of target sequence DNA fragments, each of which includes three processes of DNA denaturation at three different temperatures, primer renaturation, and DNA polymerase-catalyzed extension reactions. It should be noted that some laboratories may also need a gradient PCR instrument or a real-time quantitative fluorescence PCR instrument to perform some special molecular biology experiments.
17. The gel image analysis system: Bioteke visible gel UltraPower TM projector is a good choice for less than seven thousand, the detection sensitivity can pg stage (UV and EB only to 5ng), but without UV and EB It is safer to operate and take pictures very conveniently.
18. Other equipment
1. Microwave oven: It is convenient for rapid heating and constant temperature heating of some solutions, electrophoresis agarose gel preparation, melting and so on.
2. Ice machine: used in the low temperature environment required for the experimental operation of most nucleic acids and proteins to reduce the hydrolysis of nucleases or proteinases.
3. Chromatography: (chromatographic separation) is an effective physical method for separating multi-component mixtures.
Vacuum imprinting systems, DNA synthesis/sequencers: These are the must-have instruments for in-depth research on nucleic acids.
4. Magnetic stirrer: multi-angle rotary mixer, fast oscillating mixer: for mixing instruments.
5. Tissue homogenizer: ultrasonic tissue and cell disrupter, used for sample separation and purification experiments.
6. Fume hood: Many solvents can escape the poison gas, the necessary cabinet, and the radioactive test should also have plexiglass shielding.
7. Glass distiller, electric heating cap, transformer: used for the distillation of organic solvents such as phenol.
8. Tip head, Eppendorf tube:
The micropipette tip tip (suction tip) and Eppendorf tube (microcentrifuge tube) can be washed and used repeatedly after silicidation. For some demanding experiments, such as RNA extraction, preservation, etc., a new disinfection tip and Eppendorf tube should be used. In addition, commonly used centrifuge tubes (1000ml, 500 ml, 250 ml, 50 ml, 7 ml, etc.) and 96-well, 24-well, 12-well, 6-well cell culture plastic plates should be available.
9. Small equipment and appliances:
Timers, filters, cling film, protective glasses, duckbills, conventional glass or plastic utensils (including plates, test tubes, beakers, measuring bottles, reagent separatory funnels, reagents stored in the dark should use brown reagent bottles, such as saturation Phenol, mercaptoethanol, etc.), marker pen, various gloves PE, latex, household, acid-proof, etc.)
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