Today is the beginning of the winter, the beginning, the beginning, also said that the winter began. Winter is the end of the meaning, there is the meaning of collecting crops after harvesting, and China has made Lidong the beginning of winter.
At present, rapeseed is in the stage of vigorous growth before winter. The transplanted rapeseed is in the 7-10 leaf stage, and the live rapeseed is in the 4-6 leaf stage. Due to the influence of the previous rainy weather, there are different problems in the field, mainly caused by waterlogging, pests, grasses and prosperous. Today we will systematically analyze how to solve these problems if they occur.
Water stain
Because of the rainy and poor furrows in the field, most of the fields have different stains and damages, which are characterized by purple leaves, poor root growth and browning, slow growth or stagnation. In the field management, we will continue to do a good job in clearing the ditch. On the one hand, the field of heavy water damage is sprayed with high-quality foliar fertilizer (Huilongbao, Meijiafu, American Star, Cuilanchun, etc.) plus plant growth regulator (Brassica lactone or Bishui), on the other hand Apply 10 kg of urea to the mu to promote the growth of rapeseed as soon as possible.
Wang Chang
Due to the high density of live rapeseed, coupled with abundant rain and moderate temperature, some fields have a tendency to grow or prosper. For the field with high density, it is necessary to timely release the seedlings. For the long field, the roots can be cultivated or rooted or chemically controlled. Paclobutrazol, uniconazole or calcium arsenate (high tube) can be used, which can control both the control and the antifreeze.
Pest
At present, rapeseed worms and mites are more common in rapeseed fields, and the jumping armor and diseases are lighter. Taking advantage of the current good weather, the field of pests is controlled once, especially the aphids not only affect the normal growth of the vegetable oil, but also cause the virus disease to occur after the year. The cabbage caterpillar can be controlled by sword or 9080 or well-being (controlling aphids when available). The aphids can be controlled by imidacloprid (Amerika) or pymetrozine (granule, peak, double electricity).
Grass damage
Gramineous weeds can be selected with high-efficiency flupirtine (high-efficiency grass) or ketene. Broad-leaved weeds can be treated with herbicide or clopyralid or its compounding agent. It is worth noting that the chlorfenapyr can not be applied after flower bud differentiation. With or without, the herbicide is applied after the 5 leaf stage, otherwise it will cause phytotoxicity.
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Sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation automatic control equipment With the development of economy, water resources, energy shortage and labor cost increase, more and more water-saving irrigation systems will adopt automatic control. This article focuses on the advantages and classification of automated irrigation.
The advantages are as follows:
(1) It is possible to truly control the amount of irrigation, irrigation time and irrigation cycle in a timely and appropriate manner, thereby increasing crop yield and significantly improving water utilization.
(2) Saving labor and operating expenses.
(3) The work plan can be arranged conveniently and flexibly, and the management personnel do not have to go to the field at night or other inconvenient time.
(4) Since it can increase the effective working time every day, the initial capital investment in pipelines, pumping stations, etc. can be reduced accordingly.
classification:
First, fully automated irrigation system
The fully automated irrigation system does not require direct human involvement. The pre-programmed control procedures and certain parameters that reflect the water requirements of the crop can automatically open and close the pump for a long time and automatically irrigate in a certain order. The role of the person is simply to adjust the control program and overhaul the control equipment. In this system, in addition to emitters (heads, drip heads, etc.), pipes, fittings, pumps, and motors, it also includes central controllers, automatic valves, sensors (soil moisture sensors, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, water level sensors, and rain sensors). Etc.) and wires.
Second, semi-automatic irrigation system
In the semi-automated irrigation system, no sensors are installed in the field. The irrigation time, irrigation volume and irrigation period are controlled according to pre-programmed procedures, rather than feedback based on crop and soil moisture and meteorological conditions. The degree of automation of such systems is very different. For example, some pump stations implement automatic control, and some pump stations use manual control. Some central controllers are only one timer with simple programming function, and some systems have no central control. The controller, but only some of the sequential switching valves or volume valves are installed on each branch pipe.
Automated irrigation is the trend of the times. In the future water-saving irrigation projects, more and more automated irrigation systems will be applied.
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