Judging from the fertilizer requirement of soybean, the differentiation of soybean from flower bud to flowering stage is the period of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, and it is also a period when soybean plants need a lot of nutrients. Under high-yield cultivation conditions, soil fertility alone and applied base fertilizers and seed fertilizers often fail to meet the requirements.
In the soybean branching period to the initial flowering period, a top dressing is carried out, which has obvious effect of increasing yield. In particular, the soil fertility is low, the soybeans grow thin in the early stage, and the ridges are not sealed, and the root topdressing effect is more significant. During the flowering period of soybean, 75 kg of urea and 37.5 kg of potassium sulfate per hectare can increase the yield of soybean by 21.9%. However, when the soil is relatively fertile, or the application of base fertilizer and seed fertilizer is more, when the soybean plants have strong fertility and are relatively luxuriant, it is not suitable for root topdressing, and it is even more difficult to apply nitrogen fertilizer. Otherwise, it will cause the growth of the crops to be reduced.
Quick-acting fertilizers can be used as top dressings, such as urea, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, and the like. The root topdressing of soybean at the early flowering stage is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, and can be appropriately matched with phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. Generally, 37.5~75 kg of urea or 150 kg of ammonium sulfate can be applied per hectare, and 75~150 kg of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate should be applied, and 112.5~150 kg of superphosphate should be applied.
Topdressing is generally carried out in combination with cultivating and weeding. After weeding, it is ditched on the ridge side (5~10 cm from the plant), the ditch is 5~10 cm deep, and the fertilizer is evenly applied to the ditch, and the soil is covered immediately after application to prevent nitrogen. Volatile loss, pay attention to rotation medication, advocate the use of high-efficiency, low-toxic biological pesticides.
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