1. Deep cultivation and soil improvement. The soil quality of the new vegetable field is generally poor. The tilled layer is only about 15 cm. When it is changed to a vegetable field, due to the increase in the number of planting stubble and the large consumption of nutrients, the tilled layer should be gradually deepened to improve its physical properties. The time of deep ploughing can be arranged when the summer and autumn vegetables come out of the garden, and each turn over twice, so that the ploughing layer reaches 25 cm to 40 cm.
2. Increase the application of organic fertilizer. To improve the soil structure, there must be materials that can stabilize the structure, such as modifiers, organic fertilizers, etc. The application of organic fertilizer can not only supply the needs of vegetables for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, but also promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, improve the ability of retaining water and fertilizer and increase the buffering capacity of the soil. It is the material guarantee for the cultivation of new vegetable fields and should be highly Value.
3. Plant legume green manure. Legume green manure fixes the nitrogen in the atmosphere, and after picking its edible part, returns the straw to the field, especially the green leaves such as peas and broad beans, which can increase the soil organic matter and nitrogen content.
4. Reasonable rotation. Continuous cropping of vegetables can cause soil acidification, salinization and disease spread. In the grain-to-vegetable area, special attention should be paid to reasonable rotation, using the difference in fertilizer absorption of different varieties of vegetables, to slow down the excessive consumption of certain nutrients, to avoid or reduce the emergence of the above problems, so as to give full play to the production potential of new vegetable fields. For example, some mustards, peas, etc. are arranged in the rotation, which can absorb and use the phosphorus and potassium that cannot be used by ordinary vegetables, and 14% to 34% of phosphorus and potassium are secreted into the soil in a usable state again to improve the phosphorus and potassium for the next crops. Nutritional status. There are many ways of rotation, but one season of legumes should be arranged in the rotation.
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