Most of the fish reared in northern China are warm-water fish such as grasses, grasses, cockroaches, cockroaches, cockroaches, cockroaches, etc. These breeds generally stop feeding when the water temperature is lower than 10°C and enter hibernation. The three northeastern provinces need to be long. More than 100 days of ice life. Many fishermen's friends think that the fish are dead, and the fish are not long enough. Actually, the management of the fish before and after winter is particularly important. If it is not taken seriously, it may result in a small amount or even a large number of dead fish under the ice, causing certain economic losses to the fishermen. To this end, the author summarizes the following five management measures for the majority of fishermen friends reference.
Do a fish inspection to prevent sick fish from wintering
With the decrease of temperature, the reproduction rate of microorganisms is slowed down, and fish diseases before and after wintering are also significantly reduced. However, some bacteria and fungi that adapt to the low temperature environment are also lurking in water bodies, such as bacterial water-type P. pseudomonas, Fungal hydromycosis is always looking for the host. Once invading the fish, it can lead to the occurrence of fish vertical scale disease and watery mildew, especially after the net is pulled. Second, the cold resistance of certain protozoan parasites is quite amazing, such as trichomonas can occur in large amounts below 2°C to 3°C, and can even survive on ice; The suitable survival temperature is 12 °C ~ 24 °C, but it can also occur in the cold winter, the same will pose a threat to the growth of fish. Second, individual fishponds can also cause fatty liver disease in fish due to feed quality problems. Therefore, the fish should be strictly inspected for the health status of the fish before it stops eating. All kinds of illnesses or inconsequential minor diseases should be thoroughly cured to prevent the fish from dying during the winter.
Increase fish fat and improve fish quality
Although fish need not have a lot of energy in a low temperature environment, fish still have some activity at lower water temperatures. Some breeders think that when fish grow into adult fish, they can feed some low-quality bait to reduce the cost of farming. This is not scientific, but it should be fed more properly within 20 days or even within a month before the fish stops eating. The quality of the concentrate feed increases the fat accumulation of the fish and increases the thickness of the fish muscle. In this way, frostbite caused by severe cold weather can be avoided, and the main reason is to reduce the “fall out†caused by fish overwintering.
Strengthen water management and improve water quality
After the fish ponds are frozen, the water temperature at the bottom of the pool is not necessarily very low, and the residual bait, feces, and some dead floating plants and animals deposited on the bottom of the pond will still be fermented and decomposed, which will consume the dissolved oxygen in the water and produce similar summers. Common ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and other harmful substances in the pond. Elimination of harmful substances in water at low temperatures is much more difficult than in summer, and it is usually possible to adopt a multi-purpose pond improver in the pond several days after the food is stopped. This is one of the methods to ensure the quality of water during the winter.
Water quality management during the wintering of fish is more important to cultivate beneficial algae, suppress excess zooplankton, and ensure the amount of dissolved oxygen in winter ponds. In general, sprinkling sodium nitroprusside and an appropriate amount of phosphate fertilizer to the pond before wintering can promote the formation of dominant populations of Euglenophyta capsularis in the water under the ice, which is conducive to the safe wintering of fish. In addition, for the use of large amounts of large zooplankton such as Cladocera, copepods and other available chrysanthemum drugs to kill, small rotifers with trichlorfon have a certain effect, but there are different degrees of beneficial algae in the water Destruction, if using rotifers to crack, is ideal, not only destroying beneficial algae, but also killing the common pests found on fish and in water bodies.
Continuation of stop time, reasonable winter feeding
Common water-fat fishes have a clear-cut performance at water temperatures below 10°C, and most farmers no longer feed their fish. Tests on earthworms, grasses, cockroaches, and clams at water temperatures below 10°C have shown that these fishes give very small amounts of bait every day and they can quickly devour them in a short period of time. Therefore, the later the fish's stop time is, the better, and even feeding a small amount of feed on a sunny afternoon in winter is beneficial, which can reduce the "dropout" that occurs during the wintering of the fish.
Do a good job of winter management to ensure the harvest of the following year
In winter, the aerator can be moved to the material table before freezing, and the machine is turned on for about half an hour every day to ensure that there is no ice near the aerator and the long-term ventilation of the water under the ice can improve the effect of dissolved oxygen in the water. Feed a small amount of bait in warm weather. In addition, the pond that seeps into water must be filled with new water regularly to ensure the depth of water under the ice, preferably between 1 m and 1.5 m. When adding water, be sure to add water from the bottom up, do not form a second ice, to prevent the fish from freezing and freezing to death. At the same time, it is necessary to clean the snow in time after heavy snowfall to ensure the photosynthesis of phytoplankton under the ice.
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