Recently, readers of Mr. Luo from Bo'ai County, Mr. Tian from Tanghe County, and Mr. Fan from Dengfeng City dialed our Hotline 110 hotline to discuss how to prevent tomato virus disease. The reporter interviewed the relevant experts of this newspaper's expert advisory panel on this issue. Experts pointed out that tomato virus disease is a common disease of tomato, and it is divided into mosaic, fern leaf, streak, clumping, leaf rolling and yellow top type. Autumn tomato disease is the most serious.
First, the symptoms
(a) Mosaic type. Occurred mainly in the upper leaves of the plants, showing yellow and green leaves on the leaves or leaves with dark and light mosaic symptoms, leaf color chlorosis, leaf tip wrinkled, dwarf plants. Newborn leaves are small, shrinking, bright veins, and pale leaves. (b) Fern leaf type. The plants were generally dwarfed, and the mesophyll tissues of the upper leaves were degraded. Part or all of the leaves only had main veins, making the leaves slender and linear, and the internodes shortened. The middle and lower leaves are slightly revolved, and the petals are elongated and thickened. (c) Stripe type. Can occur on stems, leaves and fruits. Stem disease, the initial dark green short streaks, expanded brown, long strips of different lengths, and gradually spread, causing severe shoots or whole plant withers. Leaves infected, forming a brown moire or lined spots. The fruit is infected, resulting in a light brown, slightly sunken lesion. The fruit is unevenly colored, deformed, and the disease is easy to fall off. (d) cluster type. There are more clustered branches growing at the top and leafhoppers, and the leaves are linear, pale, and deformed. The diseased plant does not produce results or results. The result is hard and conical. (five) leaf type. The edges of the leaves are curled upwards, the veins are yellowed, the lobules are spherical, and the deformed curl causes the plants to shrink. (6) Yellow top type. The top leaves of the plants appear faded green or yellow, the leaves are small, the leaves are shrinking, the middle of the diseased leaves is slightly raised, the edges are curled, the plants are short and the branches are increased.
Second, prevention and control measures
(I) Selection of planted resistant hybrids. (b) Seed conservation and seed treatment. Seeds were collected from disease-free seedlings and disease-free seeds were selected. Introduce commercial seeds before seeding so that seed treatment can be done. Soak seeds in fresh water for 3 to 4 hours before sowing, and soak in 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 30 minutes. Rinse and dry with chemicals and then air dry. . (c) Strengthen field cultivation management. Timely sowing, nurturing strong seedlings, not transplanted seedlings, weak seedlings, and reasonable close planting. Timely regulation of water and fertilizers, application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, promote plant growth and robustness, and improve disease resistance. Pruning in the stage of disease resistance in adult plants can reduce the risk of virus. (d) Pay attention to preventing agricultural operations from transmitting diseases. Hand and agricultural implements that have contact with the diseased plants should be washed with soapy water, and the farmers who smoked should wash their hands with soapy water and then perform agricultural operations to prevent infection. (e) avoiding slanders and squatting. Promote the use of silver gray film to avoid disease and prevent disease, with obvious results. In the early stage of locust occurrence, the medicine was used for prevention and treatment to prevent locust transmission. (6) Chemical control. Before or at the onset of disease, use 20% of virus A wettable agent 700 to 1000 times (100 to 150 grams per acre) to prevent spraying, spray once every 7 to 10 days, continuous spraying 2 to 3 times Can reduce infection and enhance plant resistance.
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