Scientific name: Rhustyphina
Common Name: Antler Paint
Family: Rutaceae
This genus comprises approximately 60 genera and over 600 species, primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, with a few species extending into temperate zones.
In China, there are 16 genera and 54 species, mainly distributed in provinces south of the Yangtze River.
Morphological Features:
It is typically a shrub or small tree, reaching heights of 3 to 5 meters. The leaves are odd-pinnate compound, consisting of 9 to 17 lanceolate or oblong leaflets, measuring 5 to 12 cm in length. The inflorescence is terminal panicle, 10 to 20 cm long, with small, light green flowers. The fruit is dark red.
Flowering occurs from July to August, and fruiting takes place from September to October.
The plant reaches maturity relatively quickly, usually beginning to flower and bear fruit at 4 years old, and can remain productive for about 30 years.
Growth Habits:
It has strong adaptability, showing resistance to cold, drought, and saline-alkaline soils. It features a robust root system, strong sprouting ability, fast growth, and a short lifespan, but it has a high capacity for natural regeneration. Even after losing its leaves in winter, the female plant remains full of "torch-like" inflorescences, making it quite unique.
It is a positive species that thrives in various environments, such as river valleys, embankments, and marshes. It can also tolerate arid conditions and poor soil, growing on wastelands and hill slopes.
Propagation Methods:
It can be propagated through seeds, leaf cuttings, and root cuttings. Seeds should be sown in September, collected when mature, threshed, and then stratified in moist sand at low temperatures until spring. Leaf cuttings produce vigorous rooted seedlings, while fibrous roots can carry seeds and survive well. Root cuttings are collected after the nursery period and then nursed back in the nursery.
For planting, it's best to do so after late autumn defoliation and before the next spring’s bud break. When planting, seedlings should be handled carefully, and large seedlings should be planted with proper support.
Uses:
This tree is an ornamental species, ideal for clump or group planting in landscape design. Its foliage and fruits make it a colorful addition to gardens.
With a shallow root system and well-developed horizontal roots, it is excellent for slope protection, embankment stabilization, and sand fixation. The bright red inflorescences and spikes add beauty during summer and autumn, and the autumn leaves turn a striking red color.
It is an ideal species for afforestation and urban landscaping. The bark and leaves contain tannins, used for producing tannic acid. The fruits contain citric acid and vitamin C, suitable for beverages. The seeds contain oils and waxes, used in soap and candle production. The wood is yellow, dense, and beautiful, suitable for carving and handicrafts. The root bark has medicinal uses.
The tree can grow up to 2 meters or more, creating a stunning autumn display.
Cashews belong to the Anacardiaceae family and are one of the cashew nut species.
Its Latin name is *Anacardium occidentale*. Cashew trees are shrubs or small trees, growing 4 to 10 meters tall. They have single, grassy, obovate leaves, 8 to 14 cm long and 6 to 8.5 cm wide, with rounded tips and entire margins. The inflorescence is a dense panicle with yellow flowers. The ovary is obovate and kidney-shaped, measuring 2 to 2.5 cm long and 1.5 cm wide. The fruit base develops into a large, pear-shaped fleshy pseudofruit due to the enlargement of the receptacle. Only the kidney-shaped stonefruit is the true fruit. The cashews sold in stores are the true fruits, with the shell and seed coat removed, revealing a slightly white, flat, and curved cotyledon, which is edible.
Native to tropical America, cashew trees are now widely cultivated globally, including in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, and Taiwan in China. Besides being a popular nut, the fleshy fruit can also be eaten raw or processed into juices, jams, candied fruit, and wine. Cashew nuts are rich in oil and can be used as premium cooking oil. The shell oil has medicinal uses and serves as a preservative.
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