First, choose dates. Long red dates are the main dark brown, jujube heads are red and brown, and the lenticels are large and thin. Jujube stocks dark gray, short conical. The leaves are dark green and oval and belong to the complete leaf type. The fruit is medium-sized, long cylindrical, with an average fruit weight of 13.4 grams and a maximum fruit weight of 29 grams. Fruit surface is smooth, thin skin, brown red, fruit spots are not obvious. The flesh is thick, crunchy, juicy, and soluble solids 31.7%. Raw food is sweet and brittle, with 75% sugar content of dry dates, edible rate of 96.3%, and superior quality. The variety is drought-resistant, thin-resistant, cold-resistant, and resistant to diseases and insect pests. It is especially resistant to jujube disease.
The main cultivars in the Lunan region were mainly the newly grown Changhongzao 1, Longhongzao 2, Longhongzao 3, and Longhongzao 4 excellent lines. When attracting seedlings, pay attention to whether the seedling root system is fresh, complete, the degree of graft wound healing, and whether the seedlings are thick.
Second, change the spring planted in autumn. Practice has proved that the autumn planting is better than the spring planting, and not only the survival rate is high and growth is good, but also the result is stable in the second year after planting. Digging planted seedlings in autumn, the ground temperature is high, and the temperature is gradually reduced after the seedlings are planted. The wounds of the underground roots heal quickly and the amount of evaporation on the ground is small. Therefore, the survival rate is high, and early in the year is early germination, early flowering, and stable results.
Third, the election planted. The long red jujube plantation garden should be selected where the ecological conditions are good, the soil, the agricultural water, and the atmosphere are not polluted. The long red dates are suitable for plains, hills, and mountains where sandy soils and clayey loam soils are present. The soil organic matter content is above 1.0%, the pH value is 6.5 to 7.5, and the total salt content is below 0.3%. It is suitable for planting yin and yang.
Fourth, the base plan. It is preferred to have well-ventilated, light-permeable, well-drained hilly terraces and deep soil layers, convenient irrigation and irrigation, soil structure, good physical and chemical properties, organic matter content, available phosphorus content, suitable available potassium content, and soil-neutral field cultivation. 1 Flatland: The beach is on a gentle slope of 6 degrees or more and planted in a north-south direction. Other landforms can be planted along the high line. The necessary irrigation and drainage facilities must be provided. The plants must be separated when planting, and ventilation must be ensured. 2 Mountain: hilly dams can be planted, and jujube intercropping can be used. The planting density of dams is 3 meters. 3 land preparation. The 0.5-meter-0.5-meter-0.5-meter-long hole was dug by line spacing, and the excavated topsoil was backfilled with sufficient amount of organic fertilizer into the hole.
Fifth, suitable planting specifications. Under normal circumstances, the high-density demonstration garden can be 1.50.7 meters, 21 meters, and 31 meters. There are 660, 330, and 220 planted seedlings per acre; normal orchards can be calculated as 31.5 meters, 41 meters, 32 meters, and 41.5 meters. , Each acre was planted with 150 and 110 plants; if jujube grain was used as both crops, about 80 plants per mu were planted at 42 meters and 51.5 meters. The base fertilizer should be applied before planting.
In areas where the water level is high and where there is a lot of rain, planting should be shallow, and arched protection lines should be enclosed on the line. For planting in mountainous and hilly areas, pits should be excavated in large depths, planted to a suitable depth, and a certain depth of concave water trays should be left for rain, water or water for irrigation, and irrigated with water when planting. The dry areas should be covered with plastic film. .
Six, after the cut dry. In practice, many introducers cannot accept it, and think that it is a pity to cut it off. In fact, the fact that it does not cut off is always low and the survival rate is not high.
Long jujube seedlings generally 40 to 60 cm (leaving 3 to 4 buds) cut dry. After cutting, it promotes the growth and development of new roots, the roots are well-developed, the growth is prosperous, the quality of flower buds is good, and the fruit set is stable. After many years of trials and conclusions, even if some seedlings are poorly rooted or lose water, they can survive through short cuts and other measures.
VII. Management after planting. Jujube seedlings are important to manage after planting. After germination, it is necessary to spray medicine in time to prevent juvenile mosquitoes, armyworms and other insects. When the nursery stock grows to the desired height, it will be picked up (the long-red date high-density demonstration garden and the orchard will generally adopt the dwarf management model), and the crown can be formed. When there are a large number of buds, the second picking of the heart will be promoted. If the first year is unwilling to allow the fruits to be tossed and the canopy is expanded, the output will be higher in the second year.
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