1. Miscellaneous bacteria prone to grow in the stage of mycelium growth
1 Penicillium: Penicillium is the most prone to filamentous fungus. The optimum temperature for development is 30°C-35°C, but it also grows well at around 20°C. Penicillium began to spread and resemble the mycelia of the golden needle, and gradually grew into blue-colored spores.
Aspergillus flavus: Aspergillus is a white hyphae when it begins to reproduce, yellow-green spores develop after maturation, and the optimum temperature for development is about 30°C. The cultivation room is near the compost, or the bacteria species have been released, or the koji plants are easily growing aspergillus. Once Aspergillus occurs, the strains will be contaminated and completely destroyed.
3 Mucor Mucor: Similar to Aspergillus, strong in fertility. Spread in the interior of the culture medium, producing white or gray-black spider silk-like hyphae, producing black sporophytes, with developmental temperature of about 35°C.
4 Mucor: As well as Mucor mucor, the fertility is strong. Developed at high temperatures.
2. Miscellaneous bacteria growing on mushroom body
1 Penicillium: penicillium invading Flammulina velutipes, invaded after fungal attack. Penicillium should be excavated and burned immediately if it occurs. Indoor disinfection. Disinfectant is 2% copper sulphate, or 500-fold diluted mercury.
2 root rots: Prone to occur at high temperatures. At the beginning of reproduction, white turbid water droplets ooze on the surface of the culture material, sometimes filling up the bottle mouth. The main reason is that the culture material has too much water. Root rot should be excavated and burned immediately. When the hand touches the root rot bacteria, it must be disinfected.
3 black spot: produce dark brown spots on the mushroom lid. Most do not affect production, but prices have fallen because of the blackening of the cap. With cold water directly sprayed on the cap easily prone to the disease.
3, to prevent the occurrence of bacteria
The addition of lime to the culture medium not only prevents germs but also promotes mushroom development. Lime is better with slaked lime, and the amount added is 2% of the amount of culture material. The method of adding can be mixed with rice bran or added to water and mixed.
Prevention and Control of Flammulina velutipes bacterial brown spot
Bacterial leaf spot disease is one of the major diseases of E. velutipes and has a great impact on production. After the fruiting body is infected, the light produces spots that are not suitable for canning, and the thicker whole group turns black and rot and loses its food value.
Prevention and control measures: selection of disease-resistant Flammulina species; reasonable control of temperature and humidity of mushroom house, mushroom house temperature should be controlled below 15°C during the mushrooming period, reasonably arrange the cultivation season, and the south should make the fruiting period end before the end of March to avoid Open the influence of high temperature and high humidity in spring; timely control pests, especially sucking mouth-type insects; at the beginning of the disease, bleaching powder or bleaching powder can be sprayed against water (1%-1.5% of available chlorine in solution).
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