Cucumber is rich in various vitamins and is one of the more popular vegetables on the market. Cucumbers are warm, not cold, and sensitive to ground temperature, so there are certain requirements for temperature difference between day and night. The following is a talk about the high-yield cultivation techniques of cucumber open field.
In the open field conditions, the cucumbers are usually planted in the small arch shed in the spring, and the seedlings are planted in early March, planted in mid-April, and harvested in batches in mid-May.
Choose an excellent variety
Should choose high yield, strong disease resistance, low temperature resistance, low light resistance, good commodity, suitable for spring open field cultivars. Such as: Jinchun No. 4, Bomei No. 4, Zhongnong No. 12, etc.
Generally, the seedling age is about 35 days, the cotyledons are intact, the seedling height is 8-10 cm, there are 3 to 5 true leaves, the internodes are shorter, the angle between the petiole and the main vine is 45 degrees, the leaf color is dark green, the leaves are thick, the stem Stout, roots are developed, and seedlings without pests and diseases are colonized.
Colonization management
On the basis of autumn and winter irrigation, spring irrigation is carried out from the end of March to the beginning of April, and the salt and alkali are stored. Before plowing the ground, apply 3000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure or 200 kg of highly concentrated refined organic fertilizer per acre, 50 kg of special phosphorus fertilizer for NPK vegetables (or 25 kg of diammonium, 15 kg of urea, 15 kg of potassium sulfate), boron. 1 kg of fertilizer. After the preparation of the ground, the width of the ridge is 70 cm, the width of the bottom is 50 cm, and the height of the ridge is 20 cm.
Open spring cucumber is generally in mid-April, when the ground temperature is stable above 12 °C, choose sunny and warm weather. Cucumber is usually planted in a (50cm+70cm)×50cm planting mode and a mulch film, with a planting density of 2,222 plants per mu and a harvesting density of 2,000 plants.
When the cucumber seedlings are 20 to 30 cm high, they are 8 to 10 cm away from the seedlings. Each plant is inserted with a 1.7 to 2 m branch rod to take the adult character frame. After the stent is tied, the vine is tied with the "8" method. Grinding stems and stems drooping. When tying vines, it should be tied every 2~3 knots, and should be carried out in the afternoon. In the morning, the stems and vines are easy to break; the vines are simultaneously removed from the tendrils and the lower side branches to facilitate the main stalks; when the melons are full, the old leaves are removed to facilitate ventilation. And alleviate the disease.
Water and fertilizer management
4 to 5 days after planting, pour a slow seedling water, wait until the surface is dry and timely cultivate the loose soil, and then control the watering for seedlings; when the first melon (root melon) sees the length and the melon color darkens, it should be restored Watering; weeding once before watering mainly removes weeds and exposes them for 1 to 2 days to avoid resurrection of weeds after watering.
During the period of meloning, a large amount of fertilizer should be used for watering, and the fertilizer should be applied once every 6 to 7 days. When watering, it should be carried out in the morning or in the evening; after planting on the basis of applying the base fertilizer, the seedling fertilizer should be combined with watering; the topdressing and watering should be carried out, and the organic compound for each cucumber should be applied for 10~15 kg or 5 kg of urea and 10 kg of potassium sulfate, it is best to apply organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer alternately, so that the fertilizer is good and nutritious.
Harvest at the right time
Especially early picking melon has an effect of increasing yield. The first time, the melons are harvested once every 3 to 4 days, and the melons should be harvested every day or every other day. This can not only ensure the quality of the melon, but also facilitate the rapid expansion of the young melon and increase the rate of sitting.
Pest Control
The main pests and diseases of cucumber include downy mildew, powdery mildew, blight, angular spot, and aphids.
1 Agricultural control; selection of disease-resistant varieties, rotation for lodging; cultivation of disease-free and pest-resistant seedlings; suitable management of fertilizer and water; deep ridge and high ridge cultivation.
2 physical control: hanging yellow plate to trap pests. The yellow plate has a size of 20×30 cm and a hanging density of 40 to 60 pieces/mu.
3 chemical control
Disease control: downy mildew is selected from 72% Plex water 1000 times solution, or 72% DuPont gram lotion 800 times solution, or 80% ethyl phosphorus aluminum wettable powder 600 times solution spray control; 15% of the initial stage of powdery mildew Oxazolone 1500 times solution, or 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times solution, spray 5 to 7 days, even 2 to 3 times; in the early stage of blight, use 37% withered gram WP 600 times Or green tied 98 wettable powder 800 times liquid irrigation root, once every 10 days, continuous irrigation 2 to 3 times; the initial stage of angular spot disease according to agricultural streptomycin acres dosage 10 ~ 20 grams, or 77% copper hydroxide acres The dosage is 150-200 g, or 20% thiabend copper suspension agent is used in the amount of 125-160 g, and sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and even 3 to 4 times.
Pest control: Aphids use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 3000 times solution, or 10% acetamiprid wettable powder 600 times liquid spray, and prevent and control 3 to 4 times every 5 to 7 days.
According to the above cultivation, the average per mu yield is 3,000 kg, the average output value per mu is 3,000 yuan, the average grain input is 1752 yuan, and the average yield per mu is 1,428 yuan. I hope the above can help you!
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