I. Problems and Fertilization Principles For the problems of large amount of fertilizer used in peach orchards, fertilizer dosage, NPK ratio, fertilization period and unreasonable methods, the following fertilization principles are proposed: 1. Strengthen the proportion of organic fertilizer application, based on soil fertility And the early, middle and late maturity varieties and yield levels, rationally regulate the application level of NPK fertilizer, pay attention to the combined application of calcium, magnesium, boron and zinc; 2. Different varieties of spring dressing period should be different, early maturing varieties late composting early fatning, top dressing The number of times is small; 3. Combined with high-quality cultivation techniques, soil management work such as ridges and mulching is required in plain areas where summer is prone to stagnation; mulch cover and hole storage and fertilizer technology are advocated in arid areas.
Second, picking trees and fertilizing suggest early-maturing varieties, fertile orchards, small trees or strong tree trees, the average annual application of organic fertilizer 1-2 square meters per person or manure, biogas slurry 1500-2500 kg; late maturing varieties The orchard with thin soil, the peach tree with large tree or weak tree is applied with 2-3 organic fertilizer or human excrement and 2000-3000 kg of biogas slurry.
1. The target yield is 3000 kg/mu in Taoyuan, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 12-18 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P205) 10-12 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K20) 20-26 kg/mu;
2. The target yield is 2000 kg/mu in Taoyuan, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 10-15 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P205) 7-10 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K20) 17-20 kg/mu;
3. The target yield is 1500 kg/mu Taoyuan, nitrogen fertilizer (N) 9-12 kg/mu, phosphate fertilizer (P205) 5-8 kg/mu, potash fertilizer (K20) 12-15 kg/mu.
All organic fertilizers are best applied in the autumn from September to October, followed by spring soil thawing, applied by ditching method, human manure and biogas slurry for 5-6 times. 40% of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers and 50% of phosphate fertilizers are also applied together. The rest of the NPK fertilizers are applied in different stages according to the nutrient requirements during the growth period. Fertilizer application is generally in the germination stage (early March), hard core stage or flower bud physiological differentiation of peach trees. During the period (mid-May-June-June) and fruit expansion period, 2-3 times of topdressing (2 early maturing varieties and 3 late maturing varieties). For spring gardens with early defoliation or excessive load, the top dressing should be strengthened. Between the germination and spraying, 2-3 times of 1%-3% urea can be sprayed, and after germination to before mid-July, every 7 days. Secondly, it is sprayed at a ratio of 2 times urea to 1 time potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the concentration is 0.3%-0.5%. If the amount of organic fertilizer applied is relatively large, the nitrogen and potassium fertilizers applied in the autumn may be reduced by 2-4 kg/mu as appropriate.