Commonly Used Pesticides - Fungicides (1)

Synthetic zinc 1. Effect characteristics of the original drug is white or light yellow powder, smelly eggs. It is a kind of protective fungicides and has a strong contact and killing effect against various pathogens such as downy mildew, late blight bacteria and anthracnose. The active ingredient is easily oxidized into isothiocyanide compounds in water, and has a strong inhibitory effect on the enzyme containing -SH group in the pathogenic bacteria, and directly kills the pathogenic spores to prevent the invasion of the germs and the safety of crops. The drug should be mastered at the beginning of the disease and the effective period is short. Low toxicity to higher animals, irritating to skin and mucous membranes. 2. Formulation 60%, 65%, 80% wettable powder. 3. At the beginning of the disease prevention and use technology, 80% wettable powder 500 times liquid spray can prevent melons damping-off disease, blight, keratoderma, blight, anthrax, downy mildew and other diseases. Every 7 to 10 days before spraying again. 4. Matters needing attention 1 can not be mixed with alkaline pesticides and copper preparations. 2 The agent has stimulatory effects on human skin, mucous membranes, etc., and should be used with safety protection. 3 should be stored in a dry, dark and well-ventilated warehouse to avoid decomposition. Manco manganese zinc mancozeb (Dasheng M45, Dasheng Fu, Penke, Xinwansheng, Shandesheng, Harvest, Dasheng) 1. Features Mancoxib is a broad-spectrum protective fungicide whose mechanism of action is to inhibit the pyruvate oxidation in bacteria. The original drug is a gray-yellow powder and is easily decomposed when exposed to moisture at high temperatures. Low toxicity to higher animals, has a certain stimulating effect on human skin and mucous membranes. It is toxic to fish and no "triple causes" was found under the test dose. 2. Formulations 70%, 80% wettable powders, 42% suspensions, various production factors, due to different powder fineness and the addition of adhesives and other factors in the pharmaceutical, the control effect varies. 3. The control subjects and the use of technology to prevent melons from anthracnose, epidemic, downy mildew, leaf spot, black spots, etc., with 70% mancozeb WP 400 to 600 times, spraying at the beginning of the disease, 7 to 10 days before spraying once, spraying a total of 2 or 3 times. Can also choose to use 80% of students M45 or spray grams, Xinwansheng 600 to 800 times, spraying at the beginning of the disease, every 6 to 7 days before spraying once, spray a total of 2 or 3 times. 4. Matters needing attention 1 can not be mixed with alkaline substances or copper preparations, but can be mixed with a variety of insecticides, fungicides, acaricides. 2 In the hot season, avoid medication at noon. 3 Use M45, Penco, Xinwansheng, etc. should be sprayed before the rain, do not have to make up after the rain, spraying should be thoughtful and uniform. Thiophanate-methyl (thiophanate-methyl) 1. Function characteristics Thiophene is a highly effective, low toxicity, low residue, broad spectrum, systemic fungicide, with protection and treatment of two roles. The mechanism of action is that when the drug is sprayed on the plant surface and absorbed by the plant body, it is decomposed into methylbenzimidazole-b-carbamate (ie, carbendazim) in the plant through a series of biochemical reactions. ). The formation of the spindle in the mitosis of the interfering bacteria causes the germ tube spores to germinate and the sprout tube grows abnormally, and the sprout tube walls are distorted, so that the germ can not grow normally to achieve the sterilization effect. The pure product is a colorless crystal, hardly soluble in water and stable to acid and alkali. Low toxicity to higher animals, low irritation to skin and mucous membranes, low toxicity to fish, and safety to plants. 2. Formulation 50%, 70% wettable powder. 3. 70% of wettable powder can be used for prevention and use of technology, and it is 500 to 700 times. Prevention and treatment of gray mold, powdery mildew, anthrax, brown patch, leaf mold, etc. have good preventive and therapeutic effects, spray once every 7 to 10 days, spray a total of 2-3 times; also available seed weight O . 3% ~ 0.4% seed dressing treatment; or with 70% wettable powder 500 times Irrigation root, control blight disease also has a good effect. 4. Note 1 It can be mixed with alkaline pesticides such as lime sulfur, but it cannot be mixed with copper-containing preparations, or used immediately before or after, and it cannot be used alone for a long time. 1 Store in a cool dry place. 3 Stop using the crop 14 days before harvesting. Chlorothalonil (Dakkonin, TDN) 1. Function characteristics Chlorothalonil is a broad-spectrum fungicide that can replace organic sulfur and copper preparations. It has a preventive effect and has no internal absorption and conduction. Its mechanism of action is that it interacts with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in fungal cells, binds to the cysteine-containing protein in the enzyme, destroys the viability of the bacteria, and destroys the metabolism of the fungal cell and loses its vitality. Chlorothalonil has good adhesiveness on the surface of plants and is not easy to be washed by rainwater. The efficacy is stable and the residual period is long. Pure product is white crystal, no odor; industrial crystal is yellow crystal, slightly pungent odor, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in acetone and other organic solvents, stable at room temperature, stable to general acid, alkali and ultraviolet light, However, it does not tolerate strong acids, is resistant to rain, and is not corrosive. It is less toxic to higher animals and more toxic to fish. 2. Formulation 75% wettable powder, 2.5%, 3% smoke, 40% suspension. 3. The object of control and use of technology to prevent melons, downy mildew, anthrax, and disease, in the early stages of disease, with 75% of wettable powder 500 ~ 800 times liquid spray control, the amount of liquid used per hectare is 1 000 kg, every 7 ~ 10 Spray once a day; 500--600 times liquid can prevent seedling damping-off disease, blight and other diseases. 4. Note 1 can not be mixed with strong alkaline pesticides. 2 The toxicity to fish and crustaceans is relatively large, so as to avoid contaminating water sources such as fish ponds and rivers. 3 There are irritating effects on the eyes and skin. A few people have allergic reactions and cause dermatitis. Ledomil (metalaxyl, Rhodorium, Messamine) 1. Action characteristics Ledomil is a kind of systemic fungicide with upper and lower conductance. It has protective and therapeutic effects when the medicine is applied to After being on the plant, it can be absorbed by the seeds, roots, stems and leaves of the plant and transmitted to various parts, so it has a dual role of protection and treatment. Pure product is white crystal, soluble in water and many organic solvents. It is stable in neutral and acidic conditions. It is easy to decompose and fail in case of alkali. The residual period is 10 to 14 days. For animals with low toxicity, there was no "triple cause" phenomenon for animals under test conditions. They were low toxicity to bees, but they had irritating effects on eyes and skin. 2. Formulations 25% wettable powder, 35% seed dressing. 3. Control objects and use techniques to prevent diseases caused by melons, downy mildew, phytophthora, and pythium. In the early onset of the field, 25% metalaxyl wettable powder can be used to spray 600 to 800 times, and then spray once every 10 to 15 days, spraying 2 to 3 times, if the rainy weather lasts long, the number of spraying To increase accordingly. 35% of the seed dressing agent was used for seed disinfection, and seed dressing was performed at 0.2% to 0.5% of the seed weight. 4. Precautions This medicine can be mixed with various fungicides and insecticides. Methorganzink (Compound Blight, Rickettsia, Methyl-Likeling) 1. Action characteristics This agent is a broad-spectrum systemic fungicide suitable for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases. It is mainly used for protection and its adsorption is more effective. Strong, not easy to lose, longer effective period. Pure product is white crystal, the original drug is colorless to light brown solid, almost insoluble in water, non-flammable, non-explosive, soluble in many organic solvents. It is stable to light, heat and moisture and has good storage stability. Low toxicity to higher animals, safety to bees and fish. 2. Preparation 50% wettable powder, 5%, 10%, 20% powder, 20% EC, 25% suspension. 3. The control object and the use technology have a strong killing activity against various pathogenic bacteria such as the fungus class, Basidiomycetes and Ascomycetes, and are used for the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases such as Rhizoctonia and Bacillus subtilis. Stage blight, soaking for 30 minutes with 20% cream of 250 times diluted solution, after sowing, spraying the concentration liquid on the soil surface. 4. Note items 1 Medication before or at the beginning of the disease. 2 can not be mixed with alkaline pesticides. Copper Hydroxide (Feng Huo'an, Candide, Coke 2000, Can Kill 101, Copper Bronze) 1. Action Features The active ingredient is a blue gel or amorphous blue powder composed of six-carbon copper ions. Spherical needle-shaped particles can quickly adhere to the surface of the crop and have long-lasting efficacy. Low toxicity to higher animals. It is a broad-spectrum fungicide that releases copper ions and evenly covers the surface of plants to prevent fungal spores from invading. It protects cells from bacteria when they contact with copper ions, killing them and has no effect on plants. No residue, pollution-free pesticides. 2. Formulation 53.8%, 61.4% dry suspension, 77% can kill 101 powder. 3. Control object and use technology Copper hydroxide can control fungal and bacterial diseases on a variety of crops. It is suitable for diseases such as leaf spot, anthracnose, early (late) disease, blight, downy mildew and other diseases of melons. In the early stage of disease, 53.8% of dry suspension agent is used as a 1000-fold solution, or 77% can be used to spray 101 to 500-1000 times. Because of its excellent solubility, diffusibility, and suspensibility, the spread of disease can be controlled every 10 days or so, and in adverse climate conditions, multiple applications should be considered. The control of fusarium wilt with 77% can kill 101 powder 500-600 times liquid rooting. 4. Notes 1 Peach, plum and other fruit trees sensitive to copper should be disabled, apple, pear flowering, young fruit period is disabled. 2 should be used alone to avoid mixing with other pesticides. 3 The spraying should be carried out at the early stage of the crop, and the effect at the late stage of the disease should be poor. The flowering period should be used with caution. 4 Toxins are toxic to fish and aquatic organisms. Avoid liquid contamination of water sources.

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