1 Human factors The quality of the staff is poor, their sense of responsibility is not strong, carelessness, ignorance or blind pursuit of economic benefits. Failure to attach importance to sanitation and disease prevention and treatment will result in the spread of certain diseases on the chicken farm. When the staff enters and exits the chicken farm, they must change their clothes, shoes and hats, wash their hands, and do disinfection. Disinfect the disinfection tank or disinfection room before entering the chicken farm. In the work areas such as group migration, debranching, excrement removal, and immunization, the chickens should also be strictly disinfected and put in good hygiene. The chicken farm should decline to visit. The clean road and the waste road should be separated. The living area, the office area and the chicken house (feeding area) should be separated and separated. The veterinary laboratory and treatment sheds should be located at lower air outlets. It is forbidden for each breeder to visit each other and chat with each other. In the vicinity of the chicken house, the blockade is even more severe. Breeders, chicken farm staff, and management family are prohibited from raising poultry or birds so as not to bring the disease into the chicken farm. Those who go out to buy feed, medicines and equipment, especially handyman, maintenance workers, and sales of live birds, cannot enter the house without disinfection.
2 The management factors include the management of breeder and breeder eggs, equipment management, chicken house management, feed and drinking water management. If the management is not strict, the pathogens will take advantage and cause chicken disease.
2. 1 Feeding management requires a chicken farm. At least one chicken house should be fully fed in and out of the system, and it is not possible to mix breeds of multiple breeds or days of age. This will facilitate management, prevention and disinfection, and prevent cross-infection.
2. Management of avian encephalomyelitis, septicomymorphosis, and other diseases in eggs can be transmitted vertically through eggs, and pathogens such as Salmonella pullorum, Escherichia coli, etc., can be transmitted horizontally through eggshell surfaces and contaminated with eggs, and can be transmitted to future generations. When introducing, it must be understood that the introduced eggs and youngsters are healthy and disease-free. Before the eggs are put into storage, before hatching, before hatching, and after the chicks are hatched, formalin fumigation must be used. In order to prevent septicomyceteosis, eggs need to be sterilized.
2.3 House management The elimination of chicken houses and diseased chicken houses is often accompanied by a large number of pathogens, causing the onset of new chickens. Therefore, special attention should be paid to disinfection. If necessary, chickens should be disinfected once a day. In normal conditions, chickens can be disinfected once a week. After the flocks have been eliminated, the chicken house should be washed and disinfected, and the chickens should be allowed to enter the chicken for at least 1 week. Some diseases can be transmitted through the air or droplets: respiratory diseases such as chicken septicemia, infectious bronchitis, etc., and the pathogens are discharged into the air by coughing, which is prone to infection after being inhaled by healthy birds. Some pathogens can form particles or adhere to dust after drying, and spread with the air. Therefore, it is often necessary to sterilize chicken sprays. Passing litter and faecal infections: A large number of pathogens are contained in the faeces, secretions and excretions of diseased birds. Bedding used by diseased birds is often contaminated by these pathogens. Therefore, it is necessary to clear the excrement and replace the litter in time, and conduct strict disinfection at the same time to prevent the spread of the disease. Feather spread: Viruses with chicken Marek's disease are present in the feather sac of chickens. Improper handling of this feather is an important factor in the spread of the disease.
2.4 Equipment and equipment management Equipment and equipment in chicken coops such as chicken cages, perch racks, egg cartons, food troughs, drinking fountains, cutting devices, syringes, vaccine moisturizing boxes, artificial insemination equipment, transport vehicles, etc. May cause infections with germs, viruses and parasite eggs. Before use, it must be thoroughly cleaned, strictly disinfected, and used after passing inspection.
2.5 Feed and drinking water management Feeds and drinking water may carry pathogens, which can easily be overlooked. It is believed that the feed is not agglomerated, mildewy, clean drinking water and will not cause problems. Due to the unknown source of feed ingredients, the production process, transportation, storage, and the repeated use of feed bags, they may be contaminated with pathogens and become contaminated. Some feeds, such as fish meal and bone meal, carry some pathogenic factors and toxins, which can cause the infection of chicks. The lack of certain trace elements and vitamins in feed can also cause nutritional metabolic diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to feed nutritionally comprehensive formulated feeds according to the requirements of different species and at different stages of growth. Self-proportioned feeds should be as comprehensive and balanced as possible. Tap water is used for drinking water, and clean drinking water is not polluted.
3 Other factors Chicken farms should prohibit the entry of other animals such as dogs and cats, regularly eradicate rats, and deworm them to prevent these animals from entering the disease. Some birds, such as sparrows, can be carriers of bacteria, such as entering a henhouse or sports grounds, and stealing feed. Therefore, there are playgrounds in flat-raising hen houses, which are covered with wire mesh to prevent birds from entering and contaminating chicken coops.
Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water. The goal is to produce water fit for specific purposes. Most water is purified and disinfected for human consumption (drinking water), but water purification may also be carried out for a variety of other purposes, including medical, pharmacological, chemical, and industrial applications. The methods used include physical processes such as filtration, sedimentation, and distillation; biological processes such as slow sand filters or biologically active carbon; chemical processes such as flocculation and chlorination; and the use of electromagnetic radiation such as ultraviolet light.
Unimedsume Trading Co., Ltd , https://www.ums-labmed.com