Sweet potato black shank, also known as sweet potato black shank, has caused the disease to occur more commonly due to unscientific introduction, continuous cropping, and improper cultivation measures, which has seriously affected the income of potato farmers. Sweet potato black shank disease is mainly immersed in the root cortex, and at the early stage of disease, the epidermis of the potato chips forms pale brown spots, and then gradually expands to form irregular spots with large grayish black and black irregularities. Although lesions are not deep inside the tissues, the appearance quality of sweet potatoes is reduced due to the continuous expansion of epidermal lesions, which seriously affects the commercial value of sweet potatoes. The following detailed description of sweet potato black shank comprehensive control measures:
1. Use disease-free seed potatoes to cultivate disease-free strong seedlings and establish disease-free seeding fields.
2. Cultivation measures Spring potato can be properly planted late to reduce the occurrence of black shank disease; pay attention to drainage, reduce soil moisture; where conditions permit, can be implemented with more than three years of crop rotation crops.
3. Chemical control measures:
1 Seedling breeding period: Do not use diseased potato sap as seed potato, but also treat disease-free yam. The method is to disinfect with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times or thiophanate-methyl 1000 times for 10 minutes. The soaked liquid should be splashed on the seedbed, and be careful not to use compound carbendazim or compound cot support so as to avoid insufficient effective ingredients and affect the control effect. Cut the potato shoots and soak the roots (about 10 cm) for 10 minutes. The rooted tubers should be cut and then soaked. If a diseased potato is found on the seedbed, it must be buried or burned immediately.
2 Daejeon planting period: Daejeon planting, when using 50% pure carbendazim 1 to 3 kilograms of fine soil, after watering the planting soil, applying soil, and finally covering the soil, can kill the soil black fungus.
3 harvesting period: first to achieve timely harvest, generally between cold dew and frost, the specific time to the local daily average temperature of 15 °C or so is appropriate. If harvested too late, the tubers are vulnerable to frost, which facilitates the invasion of the blackleg fungus. After harvest, use 50% pure carbendazim to dip in the sun in the hospital or drying field for 2 to 3 days so that the dried potato chips can be dried, which can inhibit the invasion of tuber bacterium. Can also be dried in the dry place in the house for 10 to 15 days (pile 0.3 to 0.7 meters can be), over the vigorous stage of potato block breathing, forcing the potato block into hibernation, and then into the pit.
4 Storage period: During the storage period of sweet potato, the kiln temperature should be controlled between 12°C and 15°C. If the temperature is lower than 9°C, the sweet potato will be susceptible to freezing injury and cause black shank disease or other diseases. If the temperature is higher than 17°C, the sweet potato can easily root in germination, which is beneficial to the occurrence of black shank disease. The method for observing the kiln temperature is to use a string to extend the thermometer from the borehole of the wellbore into the bottom of the well. After 10 minutes, pull out the observation. When the temperature is lower than 9°C, reduce the ventilation opening. When the temperature is higher than 17°C, expand the ventilation. Quantity, observed once every 15 days.
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