Dragon fruit is also known as red dragon fruit, cactus honey fruit, and sesame fruit. It is a triangular column of the cactus family and is a perennial tropical plant. Dragon fruit has the efficacy of reducing blood pressure, blood fat, blood sugar, detoxification, lungs, beauty, eyesight, weight loss, and prevention of colorectal cancer. The best food is squeezed into juice. Dragon fruit also has a high economic value. It integrates fruit, flowers, vegetables, health care and medicine. It is not only edible and medicinal, but also has its use value for stems and flowers. In the winter, the greenhouse dragon fruit in the northern region is prone to frost damage. The warming fermenting agent of Ginbasium (click here for details) can effectively improve the current status quo. It uses the fermentation and decomposition of functional microorganisms to produce temperature, heat, and carbon dioxide through fermentation, thereby increasing the temperature of the ground. 4-6 °C; greenhouse temperature increased by an average of 2 ~ 3 °C, at the same time produce a corresponding biological disease prevention and disease resistance, effectively increased the economic benefits of Pitaya cultivation.
Dragon fruit planting methods are various. One is planting on the wall, the other is planting on the shelf, and the third is column type cultivation. Among them, column type cultivation is the most common. Its advantages are low production cost and high land utilization rate. The so-called column cultivation, is the establishment of a cement column or wood column, planted around the column 3 to 4 dragon fruit seedlings, so that dragon fruit plants grow along the way upright cultivation. At present, column cultivation in the north is divided into two planting methods. Columns were erected first, and scaffolds were erected in parallel with 4 plants per column. 2, cross bar hanging method. The poles are used at both ends, with a crossbar in the middle. The seedlings are planted under the crossbars, and they are suspended on both sides of the crossbar. This method is easy to pick and manage. It is beneficial to shoots to absorb underground moisture and moisture, but also to increase production and increase profits. Row spacing and plant spacing: Row spacing 1.5 meters, pendulous method spacing is generally 30 cm, frame method 70 to 80 cm, 3 to 4 per column can be.The dragon fruit cultivation and management techniques mainly include: planting, temperature management, water and fertilizer management, topping, interplanting and artificial pollination, pruning branches, pest control, harvesting and other links.
1, Dragon fruit planting colonization.
Greenhouse colonization time is preferably from April to May each year. Pitaya is planted on a 2 x 3 meter hole spacing and planted with supporting cement columns. Each cement column is planted in one of its four directions. Note: Pitaya is a shallow rooted plant that cannot be deeply planted and does not need to be excavated. As long as a fruit plate is placed on the flat ground, it can be implanted to a depth of about 3 cm. In the initial stage, the soil is kept moist and the survival rate can reach 100%.
2. Temperature management of dragon fruit cultivation.The most suitable growth temperature of dragon fruit is 20-30°C. For relatively mature shoots, concentrated high-intensity daylight exposure, if the time is too long, the accumulated temperature is not distributed, which may cause burns in the part. Note that the control of room temperature in the appropriate range, the winter night temperature of not less than 8 °C; summer may not remove the plastic film, but must be ventilated, to maintain good ventilation conditions. Note: The winter dragon fruit in the northern region is prone to frost damage. With the cost of 20 yuan/strain of dragon fruit seedlings, the yield per plant is 20 or more. Each fruit is calculated at the price of 3 to 4 yuan in the north, and one strain is subject to freezing injury. Loss can be 80 ~ 100 yuan / strain, and then add the cost of water and fertilizer management, loss of up to 200 yuan / strain, so the North should pay attention to the problem of dragon fruit jelly damage. For this reason, growers can use Gymboree greenhouse warming starter when the temperature drops in autumn and winter (contact Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd. toll-free hotline) to basically maintain the suitable temperature range for pitaya growth to avoid freezing damage. .
3, dragon fruit cultivation of water and fertilizer management.The initial stage of pitaya cultivation should keep the soil moist or it is not conducive to growth. After planting seedlings germinate, fertilize 5 to 6 times a year, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. Due to its shallow root system, fertilization should be applied in small quantities several times to prevent burning of roots and rot.
4. Pruning of dragon fruit cultivation (1) Topping. When the branches grow to 1.3 to 1.4 meters in length, they are picked. Topping can promote branching and allow the branches to droop naturally.(2) trim branches. The length of the fruit of dragon fruit is generally greater than 1.5 meters, and it is in the period of reproductive growth from April to November. The middle and upper branches and pendent branches are the easiest results. Generally, 5 branches are cultured per plant. Each batch will have 3 or so branches and the remaining 2 will serve as non-fixed vegetative branches.
5. Planting and artificial pollination between dragon fruit cultivation.
When planting dragon fruit, it is necessary to plant about 10% white meat type dragon fruit. Pollination between varieties can significantly increase the seed setting rate. In case of rainy weather, artificial pollination should be conducted. Pollination can be applied directly to the female stigma head with a brush pen before the flowers bloom in the early evening or before the flowers are closed in the morning. It is also possible to apply 100-200 ppm gibberellin to the base of the flowers when the flowers are completely open, and the fruit setting rate will be higher.
The cultivation of dragon fruit in greenhouses in the north is not the most important factor affecting production, but it is the problem of freezing in winter. In order to better promote the cultivation technology of dragon fruit to northern regions, we can make full use of straw and other materials in the northern region and combine them. Ginbo greenhouse warming fermentation agent technology to solve the growth problem of pitaya under low temperature stress.Recommended reading
1. Warming and heating technology for greenhouse vegetables in winter
2. How can a greenhouse be warmed and kept warmer in winter?
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