Spring is the perfect time for sowing vegetables. Preparing and disinfecting the seedbed soil is a crucial step in preventing diseases and ensuring healthy, high-quality crops. There are several effective methods to disinfect the bed soil before planting, and here are eight commonly used techniques.
First, using thiophanate-methyl or carbendazim is an effective way to control pests and diseases. Mix 50% thiophanate-methyl or 50% carbendazim powder with fine soil in a ratio of 1:100. Spread this mixture into the seedbed before and after sowing. This method helps prevent not only common seedling diseases but also blight and ginger aphid infestations.
Second, the pentachloronitrobenzene method is another popular choice. Take 80% pentachloronitrobenzene (40% concentration) and mix it with 40–50 kg of dry fine soil. Water the seedbed before sowing, then sprinkle one-third of the treated soil on the surface. After sowing the seeds, cover them with the remaining two-thirds of the medicated soil so that the seeds are sandwiched between layers.
Third, the enemy Kesong method involves mixing 95% wettable powder of enemy Kesong at 5 grams per 10 kg of fine soil. Apply this mixture to the seedbed before sowing to help protect against various soil-borne pathogens.
Fourth, formalin disinfection is a traditional method. Two to three weeks before sowing, loosen the soil and mix 4 liters of formalin with 40 liters of water per square meter. Pour the solution over the bed, cover it with an opaque material for 4–5 days, then aerate the soil for two weeks before replanting.
Fifth, Daisen ammonium is a widely used fungicide. Dilute 50% Daisen ammonium solution to 300–400 times its original concentration and apply 3–5 kg per square meter onto the bed soil.
Sixth, ferrous sulfate is a simple and effective option. Apply 0.5 kg of 3% ferrous sulfate solution per square meter to the soil to eliminate harmful microbes.
Seventh, Bordeaux mixture is a classic fungicidal solution. Prepare a 1:1:100 copper sulfate to lime to water mixture and use 2.5 kg per square meter. Mix 10 grams of the solution with the soil and spread it evenly until the soil is slightly dry before sowing or cutting.
Lastly, renomycin treatment is ideal for large-scale applications. Mix 25% renomycin with 50 kg of water, then spray the solution onto 1000 kg of nutrient soil while mixing thoroughly. Let the mixture sit for an hour before spreading it on the seedbed.
These methods can be applied based on the specific needs of your crops and local conditions. Choosing the right soil disinfection technique can significantly improve the success rate of your vegetable nursery and lead to healthier, more productive plants. Always follow safety guidelines when handling chemical treatments to protect both your crops and the environment.
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