2, raw soybean meal. Raw soybean meal is poor in palatability, and contains anti-nutritional factors. Feeding pigs and chickens directly is not conducive to the digestion and absorption of proteins, which can easily cause diarrhea and affect normal growth and development. Therefore, raw soybean meal must be steamed in a cage for 30 minutes before the anti-trypsin is destroyed.
3, raw bean curd residue. The bean curd residue is rich in protein (4.7% of crude protein in fresh products, and about 25% of protein in dried products) and is a good feed for pigs. However, because bean curd residue is apt to be rancid, lacks vitamins, and contains undesirable substances such as antitrypsin, it must be heated and boiled for 10-15 minutes before being fed. It cannot be fed raw, and the amount fed should be controlled within 1/3 of the amount of eclipse.
4, cottonseed cake and rapeseed cake. The cottonseed cake contains free gossypol, and the rapeseed cake contains sulphur gluconate and more tannins. These are toxic substances and must be detoxified before being fed to livestock and poultry, otherwise it is easy to cause poisoning.
5, cassava. Cassava contains toxic substances such as hydrocyanic acid, and direct feeding can cause poisoning in livestock and poultry. With cassava as feed, it should be placed in the pot without lid and boiled for 3-4 hours before feeding.
6, water lettuce, water hyacinth, water duckweed, water chestnut vine leaves, water peanuts and other aquatic plants. Aquatic plants are often accompanied by parasitic eggs, which can easily cause livestock and poultry parasitic diseases and should be cooked.
7. Unsterile eggshells. The eggshell is a good calcium feed. The feeding of eggshells by livestock and poultry is easy to absorb. It can increase the laying rate of laying birds and prevent livestock and poultry from suffering from osteomalacia and producing soft shell eggs. However, fresh egg shells are susceptible to deterioration and carry pathogens. The ingestion of livestock and poultry into untreated eggshells can easily lead to disease. Therefore, the eggshell should pay attention to timely drying and smashing, strictly disinfected, properly kept, and spare.
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