The machinery manufacturing industry is one of Germany's traditional advantageous industries. Its export value and international market share rank first in the world, and its position in the national economy plays an important role. With the rapid and steady growth of China's economy, China's growing demand for German machinery products will provide many business opportunities for its related companies, and will also help China reduce its trade surplus with Germany. The extensive and in-depth cooperation between the two parties in this field is in line with their respective economic interests.
Overview of the German machinery manufacturing industry The position of the mechanical manufacturing industry in the German national economy The mechanical manufacturing industry is one of the important industrial sectors of Zui Dazu, Zui, Germany, and only the automobile manufacturing and chemical industries can compare with it. However, the latter are dominated by large companies, while the main force of the machinery manufacturing industry is a small and medium-sized enterprise with an average of 150 employees and an annual turnover of 26 million euros. In 2006, the industry achieved sales of 167 billion euros, slightly lower than the automotive industry. However, the total number of employees employed by its 6,000 companies is 873,000, which is much higher than the automobile manufacturing industry in terms of the number of companies and the number of employees (both not including suppliers).
The unique structure of the German machinery manufacturing industry The structure of the mechanical manufacturing industry in the German industry*, reflected in the definition of German "Mitstand", it means that the industry consists of small and medium-sized enterprises. The international community has always called this structure "a typical German structure", symbolizing an independent corporate culture and representing the independence, creativity and liberal philosophy of German entrepreneurs. It has been claimed that this structure is completely outdated, especially the trend of globalization has contributed to this view. But the fact is that German machinery manufacturing industry rarely has such a strong competitiveness in the international market today. Even though the dollar continued to depreciate, the German machinery manufacturing industry maintained its growth for the fourth consecutive year in 2007, surpassing the record high in 2006.
Advantages and success factors of German machinery manufacturing industry 1. Innovative strength. The innovation strength is undoubtedly one of the important assets of the German machinery manufacturing industry and the future in the international competition. In 2005, innovative products accounted for one-third of the total output value of the industry. In 2006, the investment in innovation field reached 10 billion euros, a record high. Its innovative strength comes from a large team of engineers and R&D investment. According to statistics, in the past 20 years, the number of engineers in this field has doubled every 10 years. In a high-wage country like Germany, the vast majority of industrial sectors can maintain the world's leading position. It is based on the possession of many advanced proprietary technologies. This is the result of Germany's long-term commitment to participate in international competition in research and development. However, from the end of 2006 to the beginning of 2007, the German Association of Engineers found that the shortage of engineers in Germany was 22,000. In February 2007, a report from the Federal Labor Office also pointed out that since 1981, for the first time in Germany, there have been more mechanical and automotive manufacturing engineers than job seekers. The shortage of engineers not only threatened the machinery industry, but also the Achilles heel of Germany's entire industrial base. It sounded the alarm to German politicians and businesses.
2. The product range is complete. The German machinery manufacturing industry offers a wide range of products to the global market, more than any other country. Among them, among the 31 departments of the machinery manufacturing industry, 17 of Germany occupy the global linger status, such as mechanical handling, power transmission equipment and printing technology; there are 27 departments in the top three. The diversity and modernization of this product gives German companies the ability to avoid many risks specific to the field.
3. Pay attention to the research and development of special purpose machinery. During the industrial recession in the early 1990s, German companies were forced to adopt a fierce restructuring approach to deal with the dilemma, mainly by drastically reducing jobs. Especially in the field of standardized products, the competition for price factors is extremely fierce. Since then, German companies have positioned their products to focus on proprietary, technology-intensive, expensive, disposable and small-volume products. In general, the production of special-purpose machinery requires a large investment in engineering, but the profit is higher than that of large-volume products. Therefore, in the past decade, German manufacturers have been able to compensate for the loss of cyclical recession by increasing their profits. According to the survey of the German Machinery Manufacturers Association, about half of the German machinery manufacturers are currently producing small-volume, special-purpose products according to user orders, and another 25% are producing large-volume and special-purpose machinery products. At present, the competitive advantage of “Made in Germany†lies in non-price factors, including quality, technology, problem-solving know-how, product performance reliability, supply reliability and after-sales service.
In the future, German companies will continue to benefit from this product positioning. First, the production of specialty-use machinery is on the rise globally. These mechanical products require a large number of system-specific technologies, which is the advantage of German companies; secondly, the market demand for services in products is getting higher and higher, while the German machinery manufacturing service revenue has accounted for 20%, and the proportion has increased year by year; Third, the importance of stand-alone is declining, while the demand for service-intensive mechanical systems is increasing, such as flexible production base stations; fourth, combining standard mechanical products with tailor-made services (reservation management procedures) to provide Specialized solutions are also the direction of development. In short, Germany's machinery manufacturing industry will continue to benefit from its technological advancement in the world of special machinery, services, and system solutions, and further encourage companies to use their advantages to participate in international competition.
Emerging markets such as China are critical to the future development of German machinery manufacturing. German machinery manufacturing has traditionally been mainly exported to Western Europe and North America. But in recent years, German companies have become interested in emerging markets that are booming. According to Deutsche Bank's analysis, by 2015, some countries and regions that the German machinery manufacturing industry will focus on, such as China, India, Russia, Eastern Europe and South America, will be of great significance. On July 10, 2007, the German Machinery Manufacturers Association also published a research report titled “The Opportunities of the Global Growth Center Beckoningâ€, reminding German companies to change their minds and actively develop emerging markets to ensure German machinery manufacturing. Long-term stable development.
For the German machinery manufacturing industry, global emerging markets will provide a large number of business opportunities. Experts expect that exports to China, Russia and other countries in the medium term are expected to increase by 7% to 12%. At the same time, the Eastern European and South American markets will also have potential growth opportunities of 2% to 4%. In this way, even if there is a cyclical recession in the traditional markets of the United States and Western Europe, it can be compensated by the growth of demand in emerging markets, thus making the German machinery manufacturing industry develop steadily. At the same time, increasing stability can also increase the profitability of the industry. In addition, the German machinery manufacturing industry can only expand its market share by exploring new markets, in order to compete with the United States and Japan, which are equally active in the international market.
Analysis of the export prospects of German machinery manufacturing industry in China The current situation of German machinery manufacturing exports to China At present, China is the largest market for German mechanical products in Asia, and ling precedes Japan, India, South Korea and Iran. From 2003 to 2005, in the ranking of German export destinations, the United States has always been *, China is in the top three. In the meantime, France was ahead of China in 2003-2004, but it was behind China in 2005. In 2006, Germany exported 10 billion euros of machinery products to China, accounting for 7.2% of its total exports of machinery products. China surpassed France and ranked second. During the period from 2001 to 2004, the export of German mechanical products to China increased by 22% to 44%. The growth rate declined slightly in 2005, but it rose again to 16% in 2006. In 2006, Germany imported about 1.7 billion euros of mechanical products from China, accounting for 3.8% of its machinery imports. China is the ninth largest source of German machinery imports.
The strategic division of machinery manufacturing between China and Germany The German side believes that the Sino-German machinery manufacturing industry is highly complementary, and the two sides can cooperate and implement a strategic division of labor. In such a partnership, Germany's focus is on the use of zui's new technology to produce special-purpose mechanical products. The Chinese side is leveraging the advantages of low labor prices to serve the mass-produced product market. Such a strategic division of labor is not only beneficial to German companies, but Chinese companies can also enter the mid-end market originally occupied by Germany by continuously improving their know-how.
The German goal is to maintain the lingering position in the high-end market, tap the potential, and strive to make progress in the low-end market, that is, to use advanced production technology to compensate for the disadvantage of labor prices. Therefore, advanced production technology is destined to be the top priority of the German machinery manufacturing industry, including automation technology, laser technology and so on. Among them, the German automation technology ling first global. International users want to save production costs and shorten the time it takes to get to market. According to HC Engineering Machinery Network, in addition, in order to achieve the goal of zero defect rate, miniaturization, shorter production cycle, etc., it also needs to rely on a large number of automated machinery. In addition to being widely used in traditional sectors such as electrical, automotive, logistics, pharmaceutical, chemical, and consumer products, German automation machinery is now being promoted to emerging industries such as solar energy, liquid crystal displays, and life sciences.
German machinery manufacturing export potential to China China's economy continues to grow and is becoming a new industrial superpower, but will face many new challenges and problems that require advanced mechanical products and technologies to solve. With the rise of the middle class with considerable purchasing power, China's consumption structure will also shift to services and modern durable consumer goods, such as cars and brown appliances. For all sectors of the German machinery manufacturing industry, China is an important target market for its future development, with great potential, which is reflected in the following areas:
1. Textile machinery. China's ongoing industrial restructuring will become the driving force for economic development. It is estimated that the annual growth rate of German machinery products to China will reach 7%, which will protect the important market of Zuzhou. Among them, the textile industry is a typical example. As the world's production base for textile and apparel products, China will have a 60% share in the global market by 2015, far exceeding the current 25%. Germany's advanced textile machinery products will undoubtedly gain huge benefits in the Chinese market.
2. Automotive manufacturing machinery. It is predicted that by 2015 only the number of new car registrations and car production in the United States (including cars and trucks) will continue to be ahead of China. At present, China's automobile sales rank second in the world, and automobile production ranks behind the United States and Japan. However, China's 1,000 residents only own 21 cars, compared with 593 in Germany, the proportion is still small, which means huge market potential. At the same time, the Chinese government has been committed to pushing domestic cars to the markets of western developed countries. In recent years, the continuous price increase of automobile fuels has made the reduction of automobile body weight and energy efficiency become the trend of global automobile manufacturing pursuit, and Western consumers pay more attention to these performances. High-performance machine tools produced in Germany, such as advanced laser machines, already account for 25% of global production and 15% of market share, helping Chinese automakers in material handling and processing, sheet metal seam welding and improved vehicle performance (eg improvement) The design of the body to improve the safety of collisions) improves accuracy, speed and cost efficiency, and achieves the development goals of the Chinese automotive industry.
3. Construction machinery. China's urbanization process has accelerated, and a large number of farmers have entered the city, which not only promoted the development of industry, but also stimulated the demand for office buildings and residential construction.
The expansion of industry and cities, coupled with the accumulation of private capital, has led to an increase in investment in infrastructure, including transportation roads, power transmission lines, communication networks, supply of drinking water and wastewater treatment. Although China's labor force is relatively cheap, all construction projects are inseparable from construction machinery and building materials machinery. In addition, the government faces the challenge of solving environmental problems and ensuring the security of energy supplies. Germany has an absolute advantage in the field of traditional energy and environmentally related mechanical products and plant construction, and is also a global leader in many renewable energy fields, for example in the use of wind energy.
4. Steel and chemical machinery. With the rapid and steady growth of the national economy, China's steel and chemical industries will further expand in the next 10 years, and at the same time, energy demand will rise sharply. In order to reduce dependence on oil and natural gas imports, China needs to develop and utilize its abundant coal resources. German machinery manufacturing can provide related smelting, rolling, casting, chemical production and mining machinery and technology.
The machinery manufacturing industry is one of Germany's traditional advantageous industries, and China's demand for German machinery products is rising. What is the situation in the German machinery manufacturing industry? What new trends does it have for Chinese exports? These will have an impact on China's related equipment manufacturing companies.
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