Astragalus membranaceus is a famous aquaculture product breed developed in recent years. Besides its consumption, it has certain medicinal value. Astragalus is distributed in China except for the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At present, the development speed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and south of China is relatively fast, and it has broad market prospects. The economic benefits of breeding are also high. Astragalus has a very unique sexual reversal phenomenon, generally 30 cm below the female body, body length 30-60 cm male and female, more than 60 cm body length is male.
(i) Incubation of Astragalus: If there are few eggs to be collected, the eggs can be transferred to open containers such as cylinders and tubs for hatching; if there are a large number of eggs collected, the eggs should be transferred to a non-toxic specialized hatchery Or hatch in an incubator. Incubation water should be fresh, contaminated and unpolluted river water. During the incubation period, we must pay attention to changing the water frequently to keep the water fresh and rich in dissolved oxygen. Conditional microfluidic water incubation can be used. In the hatching process, special attention should be paid to the regulation of water temperature, and the water temperature should always be controlled at about 20-30°C. When the water is changed, the water temperature should not be too large. Generally, the temperature difference does not exceed 2°C. In addition, if fertilized eggs are found in hatchery, it must be immediately carried out. Drug treatment (the fertilized eggs can be soaked in 1/150000 malachite green solution for 10-15 minutes; methylene blue can also be used for sterilization), once every two days, once a day, and all the original hatching water is drained and replaced with fresh ones. Water continues to hatch. Under the conditions of water temperature 25-30 °C, fertilized eggs can hatch after about 5-7 days of incubation. The yolk sac disappeared 4-7 days after the film was removed and should be promptly transferred to the young larvae for artificial breeding.
(II) Disease control and medication of Astragalus membranaceus: The common diseases of artificially cultivated Astragalus membranaceus are watery mildew, bacterial round skin disease, red skin disease, hemorrhage, enteritis, capillary nematode, cryptosporidiosis, and wilt disease. , Trypanosomiasis, Acanthosis, Minamata, etc. At the beginning of the onset of jaundice, it is often difficult to find out. Once the symptoms are obvious, further treatment is not only troublesome, but also brings certain economic losses to the aquaculture production. Therefore, artificial breeding of radix astragali must be based on the principle of "comprehensive prevention and active treatment" and adopt the principle of "prevention without disease, early treatment with disease, and prevention with emphasis on treatment." In the actual operation, we must make a good "three levels" (with no space for detailed explanation): One is to turn off the good environment; the other is to disinfect and close; the third is to manage well. The following describes the use of common diseases as follows:
1. Saprolegnia: Control A) The eel pond is completely disinfected with clear lime. B) Careful fishing, transportation and stocking operations to avoid fish injuries as much as possible. C) Immerse sick carp with 30-50 g/l saline or 10 mg/l potassium permanganate for 5 to 10 minutes. D) For salmonids where hydrophilia occurs, use 0.2 g/m3 of malachite green or 3 g/m3 of methylene blue Quanchiposa once daily for 3 days.
2. Capillary nematode disease: Control A) Clear the pond thoroughly with quick lime to kill the eggs. B) Each 50 kg of squid was fed with 9 to 90% crystal trichlorfon 5 to 7.5 g of bait, once daily for 6 days. C) Use herbal medicine mixture of Guanzhong, Nepeta, Scutellaria bark, buckwheat root bark (16:5:3:5), and 290 g per 50 kg of squid, and add 3 times of boiling water to 1 of the original amount of water. /1, take the concoction bait fed once a day, continuous medication for 6 days.
3. Acanthamosomesis: Prevention and control A) Thorough disinfection with lime or drain the pool water, expose to sunlight, kill the intermediate host, and cut off the route of transmission. B) 90% crystals of trichlorfon were fed with 5 to 7.5 g of bait per 50 kg of squid, once a day for 6 days, and 0.5 to 0.7 g/m3 of trichlorfon crystals were splashed at the same time.
4, enteritis disease (also known as rotten gut disease): Prevention A) strengthen the feeding and management, according to the "four fixed" feeding, do not feed corrupt spoilage feed, to prevent hunger and excess. B) Disinfect the whole cell regularly with 15-20 g/m3 quicklime or 1-2 g/m3 bleach. C) Each 50 kilograms of sickness was fed with 5 grams of sulfaguanidine or 10 grams of Dietrich bait for 3 days. D) Each 50 kilograms of diseased pods are bred with 500 grams of garlic, and 250 grams of salt are mixed with bait and fed for 3 to 6 days.
5. Bacterial skin diseases: Prevention and control A) The carp pool is thoroughly disinfected with quicklime to eliminate pathogens. B) Keep the water fresh and regularly disinfect with a total of 1 to 1.2 g/m3 of bleach or 15 to 20 g/m3 of lime. C) Stocking several quail (commonly known as crickets) in the carp pond. The already affected squid pond can be used with 1 to 2 scorpions. Peel the scalp off and tie it to the rope. Repeat several times in the pool. On the 3rd, there was a marked improvement. D) Each 50 kilograms of sickness was fed with 0.5 g of sulfathiazole and bait and fed once a day for 3 to 6 days.
6, red skin disease: prevention and control A) fishing, transportation, stocking operations carefully, to avoid fish injuries. B) Change water and disinfect regularly to keep the water fresh. C) Sprinkle with 0.25 g/m3 furazolidone or 1 to 1.2 g/m3 bleach for 3 days. D) Using chlortetracycline 0.25 units per milliliter.
7, wilt disease: prevention and treatment A) the same size of the trout pond to prevent competition. B) The stocking density is appropriate and the density is too large. C) Feed requires a full and rich nutrition, even feeding, to meet the growth of carp feeding.
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