In the process of transplanting aquatic plants, crab ponds were seeded with species like Elodea, Aqueous Peanut, Vallisneria, and Hydrilla verticillata. The plant coverage reached approximately 50%, which is ideal for both ecological balance and crab habitat. These aquatic plants serve as a primary food source for crabs, while also offering shelter and protection from predators. Additionally, they help in reducing water turbidity, improving water clarity, and lowering the temperature of the pond bottom. It's crucial to remove any decaying vegetation promptly to avoid water quality deterioration. If the plant density becomes too low, it should be replenished immediately to maintain optimal conditions.
Water quality management is especially important during the summer months when high temperatures can lead to rapid water degradation. To ensure stable conditions, the water level should be maintained at around 1.5 meters by deepening the pond if necessary. During hot weather, it’s recommended to change the water every 3 to 4 days. In cases of sudden bad weather or signs of poor water quality, more frequent water exchanges are necessary—filling the pond as much as possible to dilute harmful substances. If you notice an increase in crabs crawling onto the shore or observe excessive bubble production from their mouths, it's a sign that immediate water changes are needed. Additionally, lime should be applied every 7 to 10 days at a rate of 15 kg per acre, helping to clarify the water and increase calcium levels in the pond.
Feeding is a critical aspect of crab farming, especially in the summer. Crabs should be fed twice daily, once in the morning and once in the evening. The total daily feeding amount should be about 10% of the crabs’ total body weight, with 70% of this portion given in the late afternoon around 5 o'clock. It’s essential to remove any uneaten bait promptly to prevent water pollution. The feed must be fresh, palatable, and free from spoilage. It’s best to prepare the food in small groups or blocks to enhance its utilization and reduce waste.
Disease prevention is vital during the hot season, when crabs are more susceptible to various health issues. Throughout the breeding cycle, it's important to follow a proactive approach, combining preventive measures with appropriate medication. Alternating between antibiotics such as terramycin powder and furazolidone can help control bacterial infections. Adding shell powder, bone powder, and fish meal to the feed supports molting and strengthens the crabs' exoskeletons, promoting healthier growth and better survival rates.
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