First, Cage Setup
After the first rice harvest, select paddy fields that have a reliable water source, no pollution, and easy access for water inflow and drainage. Increase the width and height of the field so that the water depth can reach about one meter. The area can be as large or small as needed, ideally between 3 to 5 acres. The cages are made from dense polyethylene mesh, with each cage covering approximately 15 square meters. They are rectangular in shape, measuring 10 meters in length, 1.5 meters in width, and 1.2 meters in height, with 50 centimeters of water space and 70 centimeters of underwater space. Cages can be arranged in a single row or multiple rows, with a spacing of 1 to 2 meters between each. The cages are stocked with A. persicae, and 90% of the cage area is covered with water plants. The ratio of cage area to total surface area should not exceed 35% to ensure better water quality control.
Second, Stocking Seedlings
Seedlings are usually introduced between July and August. These seedlings are mainly collected from natural wild sources. After collection, they are sorted by size—large, medium, and small—and placed in separate cages accordingly. The stocking density is around 2 kg per square meter, which means each cage can hold about 30 kg of seedlings. It's common for purchased seedlings to have injuries, so it's important to disinfect them using a 3% saline solution before placing them in the cages. Before stocking, the water in the cages should be treated with bleaching powder or quicklime to prevent bacterial infections, especially in injured seedlings.
Third, Feeding Practices
The main feed for raising cockroaches in cages includes clams, small fish, shrimp, and bean cakes. Fresh cockroaches are typically mixed in a 1:1 ratio with full-price codfish (or bean cake, bran, etc.) and fed to the animals. Astragalus mongolicus is nocturnal, so feeding should take place between 4 and 6 PM. Feed once daily, with a bait rate of 5% to 7%, and place the food on aquatic plants. Any leftover food must be removed promptly to avoid attracting pests like rats, which may damage the cages. Additionally, to prevent water quality degradation after feeding high-protein feeds, a small number of tilapia or white mullet can be raised alongside. Regular water changes are also necessary. The water should not be too clear, as this can lead to an overgrowth of grasshoppers. Maintaining a stable water level is crucial, as frequent fluctuations can stress the animals and reduce their resistance to disease.
Fourth, Disease Prevention and Treatment
Once the Astragalus has been properly introduced into the system, the water should be disinfected every seven days. Common disinfectants include quicklime, bacterial nets, and bleaching powder. In addition, oral prophylactic treatments can be administered by mixing 250 to 500 grams of garlic into every 100 kg of bait, given once a week to enhance immunity and prevent diseases.
Fifth, Harvesting and Marketing
Astragalus membranaceus can be harvested when it reaches a weight of 80 to 100 grams. The best time to sell is around New Year’s Day and the Spring Festival, when demand is high and prices are at their peak. During this period, the cages are carefully harvested and sold, taking advantage of the seasonal price difference to maximize profits.
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