When purchasing beef cattle at the market, it's essential to choose animals that show signs of good health and strong vitality. Look for cows with large mouths, wide nostrils, bright eyes, longer bodies, thick legs, and strong tails. These characteristics indicate a healthy appetite and robust constitution. Additionally, check the skin and hindquarters—preferably light in color, elastic in texture, and soft in fur. Cattle with these features tend to have more muscle mass, gain weight faster, and offer better economic returns.
A recommended feeding strategy is the "Three Sets and Three Looks" method. First, assign a specific person to monitor the cattle daily. This helps detect any unusual behavior early on, allowing for timely intervention. Second, set feeding times at 5 a.m., 10 a.m., and 5 p.m., with three feedings per day. It’s best to add one more feeding at night. Before each meal, give a small amount of hay first, then mix the feed. After two hours, provide water again. During Summer, adding a little salt can help prevent dehydration. Ensure the quantity of each feeding is adequate to support growth and development.
Third, observe the cattle’s condition: check their eating habits, examine their feces to assess digestion, and watch for rumination activity. These observations are key indicators of their overall health.
Proper management is crucial for optimal results. In summer, after feeding, keep calves in shaded, well-ventilated areas or under a pergola to avoid heat stress. In Winter, place them in a sheltered, sunny location and ensure the barn is warm. Regularly brush the cattle’s body to improve blood circulation. Also, use short yoke ropes to limit movement and encourage fattening.
For feeding, fine grains should be used wisely. In corn-producing regions, corn stalks can serve as the main forage, while in other areas, local grasses can be used instead. The grass should be cut to about four inches in length, as finer grass is easier for cattle to eat and digest. Control the quantity and proportion of fine feeds carefully. Newly purchased cattle may have been underfed for a long time, so it's important not to overfeed them with concentrates at first. Too much concentrate can cause indigestion. Initially, feed about 1.5–2 kg of fine feed per day. A balanced mix could include 30% cornmeal, 60% wheat bran, 10% soybean cake, and 1–2% salt, all mixed with water. After 10 days, gradually increase the concentrate to 5–7 kg per day. Adjust the proportions during winter and Spring as needed for optimal performance.
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