Meiqiu Nectarine is a mid-to-late ripening variety that has recently been cultivated at Nankou Farm in Beijing. This variety is characterized by strong tree vigor, robust growth, semi-spreading branches, high yield, and the ability to bear fruit on various types of branches. It produces multiple flower buds, resulting in an abundant harvest. The fruits are round and dark red, with an average weight of 310 grams and a maximum of up to 600 grams. The pulp is yellow, firm, and sweet, with a soluble solids content of 12%. The fruit has a bright color, is sticky, and matures around August 10 in Beijing, with a development period of 112 to 116 days.
In 1999, cuttings were introduced from Nankou Farm, and the following year, they began to flower and bear fruit. The average yield per tree was 4.2 kg, which translates to approximately 466.2 kg per mu (667 m²). In the southern areas of Lunan, Meiqiu nectarines typically mature around August 5. Due to their excellent quality and vibrant color, and because nectarines are relatively rare on the market at this time, the price can reach as high as 6 yuan per kilogram. By the third year after planting, the average yield per tree reached 17.4 kg, yielding 1,931.4 kg per mu. At a market price of 4.2 yuan per kilogram, the profit per mu could be as high as 8,111 yuan, making it a highly profitable crop.
The key points for cultivation include site selection, planting techniques, soil and fertilizer management, pruning, use of plant growth regulators, and flower and fruit management. For site selection, it's important to choose well-drained, elevated land with loose sandy loam soil, avoiding saline-alkali conditions. The pH should be between 6 and 8, and the area must have good drainage to prevent waterlogging. Avoid planting near other stone fruit trees like peaches or plums.
Planting should occur in the fall or early spring before bud break. The soil should be deeply tilled, and organic compost, along with compound fertilizers, should be applied before creating raised beds. Black mulch is used to retain moisture and suppress weeds. Proper watering is essential during critical growth stages such as budding, fruit setting, and winter preparation.
Pruning involves shaping the tree into a V-shape, with two main branches and two lateral branches. Regular trimming helps control growth and promote flowering. Summer pruning is especially important to remove unwanted shoots and maintain balance.
Growth regulators like paclobutrazol are used to control shoot growth and improve flower bud quality. Pollination is enhanced by planting compatible pollinators, and fruit thinning is crucial to ensure high-quality yields. Protective measures, such as using plastic bags, help prevent pests and diseases. Leaf removal before harvest promotes better fruit coloring and quality.
Overall, Meiqiu Nectarine offers a promising option for farmers looking to diversify their crops and achieve significant economic returns.
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