1. Choose high-quality seeds. Popular sweet corn varieties include Super Sweet No. 3, Super Sweet 204, and Dongtang 206. These varieties are known for their high yield, medium growth period, and a sugar content of over 16% in fresh kernels, offering excellent flavor and texture.
2. Sow on time and cultivate strong seedlings. It is best to start sowing from March 15th to 20th. Use plastic mulch in the nursery to maintain warmth and moisture. Select a well-drained sandy soil plot with good fertility and full sunlight for the seedbed. After preparing the soil thoroughly, apply a thin layer of manure fertilizer, then place the corn seeds at intervals of 3 to 5 cm, gently pressing them into the soil. Cover with a thin layer of fine soil about 1 cm thick, and then cover with plastic film for insulation. The seedlings should be around 20 days old, with 2 to 3 leaves, to avoid transplanting too late, which can reduce yield and quality.
3. Improve soil preparation and transplanting practices to ensure uniform growth. Before plowing, apply 25–30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per acre as a base fertilizer, along with 25 kg of superphosphate. After plowing, prepare the soil to a width of 1.2 meters. For heavier soils, it's advisable to apply fertilizers in one go by placing them in the center furrow—using 75 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 15 kg of potassium chloride per mu. After covering the soil, spray an appropriate amount of 80% acetochlor or water evenly on the surface to control weeds.
For sandy soils prone to nutrient leaching, avoid applying all the fertilizer at once. Instead, follow the principle of "light application during the seedling stage and heavy application during the tasseling stage." After transplanting the seedlings, use 50% phoxim or 40% chlorpyrifos diluted 1000 times to protect against underground pests. The planting density should be around 3300–3500 plants per mu, with a spacing of approximately 33 cm between each plant. Once the seedlings have survived (about 7–10 days after transplanting), apply a light dose of liquid manure or 10 kg of ammonium sulfate per acre to promote healthy growth.
4. Strengthen field management. Sweet corn varieties often produce multiple ears, so it's important to remove weaker ones and leave only one strong ear per plant. During the trumpet stage, use 600 tons of BT emulsion (Bacillus thuringiensis) or 500 times diluted 18% insecticidal double, or 1000 times diluted 90% crystal trichlorfon to control corn borers. Avoid using highly toxic or long-residue pesticides. All pesticide applications must stop at least 15 days before harvest to ensure food safety.
5. Isolate sweet corn from regular corn. To prevent cross-pollination that can affect taste and quality, sweet corn should be planted at least 300 meters away from common corn. Additionally, sow sweet corn in batches to ensure a continuous supply to the market, avoiding large-scale simultaneous maturation that could lead to oversupply and financial loss.
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