Maintaining optimal conditions for rabbits during winter is crucial to ensure their health, growth, and survival. Here are key strategies to help rabbits thrive in cold weather:
(a) Temperature Control
1. The ideal temperature range for rabbits is 10–25°C. Ensure the rabbit house remains above 10°C to prevent stress and illness.
2. Protect the house from cold winds by sealing windows with glass or plastic film, hanging grass or cotton curtains on doors, and repairing any gaps promptly.
(b) Dry and Warm Environment
Dampness can lead to respiratory and skin issues. Keep the environment dry by using lime or ash to absorb moisture if the floor becomes wet. Regular cleaning and ventilation are also essential.
(c) Bedding and Comfort
Increase the thickness of soft matting in the rabbit’s bed to provide insulation. Rotate the bedding regularly to maintain warmth and reduce moisture. The matting should be kept dry to avoid absorbing harmful gases.
(d) Feeding Adjustments
1. Increase feed quantity by 20–30%, especially high-energy feeds like corn, wheat bran, and potatoes to compensate for higher energy needs.
2. Feed more frequently, including an extra meal after 9 PM. Provide at least 30% green feed such as cabbage, carrots, and radish leaves to supply essential vitamins. Ensure enough hay is available to prevent hunger.
(e) Breeding Management
1. Maintain a temperature above 10°C to support normal estrus in females. Include bran, rice bran, and vitamin E-rich feeds to enhance fertility.
2. Breed during the best time—after October in the lunar calendar, preferably during sunny midday or early morning. Use techniques like "double mating" to improve breeding success.
(f) Pup Survival
1. Use greenhouses or heated enclosures for newborns. Ensure they receive colostrum within 4–6 hours. If the mother refuses to nurse, manually assist by placing the pups near her nipples.
2. For weak or orphaned pups, consider artificial feeding with goat milk or foster care. Begin supplementary feeding around day 18 with small amounts of cooked soybeans, tofu residue, and tender leaves.
(g) Shearing and Grooming
1. Shear long-haired rabbits during the winter when fur grows thick. Choose a sunny day and avoid shearing in cold conditions.
2. After shearing, increase warmth by using indoor heating and avoiding exposure to cold air for two weeks.
(h) Exercise and Sun Exposure
Encourage daily sunbathing in sheltered areas during sunny days. Allow 1–2 hours of free movement to boost vitamin D3 production and improve calcium absorption. Also, clean and replace bedding regularly.
(i) Frostbite Prevention
Rabbits are prone to frostbite, especially on ears. Monitor for red, swollen areas and move affected rabbits to a warmer area. Treat with oil for dry frostbite, iodine glycerol for swelling, or drain blisters if necessary.
(j) Disease Prevention
1. Maintain cleanliness, isolate sick rabbits, and add garlic or ginger to the diet to prevent infections. Control rodents to avoid disease spread.
2. Treat common winter illnesses like colds, diarrhea, and convulsions promptly with appropriate medication.
By implementing these measures, you can significantly improve the well-being and productivity of your rabbits during the cold season.
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