Cage aquaculture has become a widely adopted technology across many regions in China. However, despite its growing popularity, many techniques are still in the exploratory phase, and there remains a variety of options when it comes to choosing the right feed. Below are some of the most commonly used feeding methods.
**Main Feeding Methods**
1. **Feeding Live Small Fish**
This method involves using small fish, typically trash fish, which are commonly found in ponds. The feeding amount is usually around 5-6% of the body weight of the fish being raised. These fish do not require prior domestication and can be directly introduced into the cage system.
2. **Feeding Fresh or Frozen Dead Fish**
This approach is often preferred by large-scale farmers. There are two main ways to implement this: either by chopping the dead fish into pieces and feeding them directly, or by making a slurry from the fish and mixing it with other ingredients. The feeding rate is also generally between 5-6% of the fish's body weight.
3. **Feeding Compound Feed**
This method requires some level of training for the fish. After stocking the cages, no feeding is done for the first three days to allow the fish to adapt to their new environment. Once they are acclimated, feeding should begin in the evening. It is recommended to use small fish like yellow quail or river fleas as part of the diet. The compound feed is mixed with fresh bait at a ratio of 500–1000 grams of compound feed per 500 grams of fresh bait. Feeding is done twice daily—preferably between 6–7 AM and 5–6 PM. Initially, the daily feeding amount is set at 2–3% of the fish’s body weight, gradually increasing to 4–5%. Compound feed comes in two forms: powder and extruded pellets. The powdered feed is mixed with fresh bait using a meat grinder to form a paste-like bait, which is then dried and fed as a semi-dry product. For extruded pellets, they are mixed with fresh bait, left to sit for about 30 minutes to soften, and then fed.
4. **Feeding Alternative Foods**
Other feeding options include quail, river meat, animal by-products, wheat bran, and duckweed. These are often used as supplementary feeds to diversify the diet and improve nutritional balance.
5. **Proper Handling of Bait**
It is important to prepare the bait correctly. Small fish should be rinsed with clean water before feeding. Larger fish should be boiled before being given to the fish. Leeches should be frozen and then thawed before feeding. Puffed granules need to be softened before being added to the feed. Proper preparation ensures better digestion and overall health of the farmed fish.
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