First, the early weaning method:
1. Encourage early feeding for piglets. One week after birth, piglets should be introduced to sow milk feed or fried porridge to adjust their feeding habits and expand their diet. After two weeks, allow them to eat wet feed freely. By day 20, switch to regular, measured feeding. The earlier the piglets start eating, the better they will adapt to weaning.
2. Ensure the sow’s health. One week post-birth, sows should be fed high-protein feed and green, juicy vegetables to support their recovery and prevent weakness.
3. Prepare for weaning. Sows are typically weaned on day 25 after farrowing. Before weaning, gradually reduce the number of piglets nursing each day, allowing both sows and piglets to adjust. This helps stop lactation naturally.
4. Stimulate estrus. After weaning, sows can be encouraged to come into heat by introducing a boar or using hormone treatments. Most sows will show signs of heat within 5 days. Breeding is best done on the second day of estrus, with a second mating the next day. This results in a conception rate of up to 90%, increasing the number of litters per sow.
Second, methods to promote piglet growth:
1. Prepare the farrowing area. The farrowing pen should be clean, well-lit, and well-ventilated. It should remain cool in summer and warm in winter, with soft bedding and a quiet environment to keep piglets calm and safe.
2. Assist during birth. When sows give birth, workers should quickly clean the piglets’ mouths, nostrils, and bodies with a clean towel to prevent suffocation. If a piglet appears lifeless, use a hose to blow air into its nose, press its chest gently, or place it in warm water (around 40°C) to revive it.
3. Disinfect the umbilical cord. The umbilical cord should be cut at about 4–5 cm from the body. After cutting, apply 5% iodine to prevent infection. Proper care of the umbilical cord is crucial to avoid bacterial infections.
4. Ensure sufficient milk supply. Sows need enough milk during lactation, so provide them with protein-rich concentrates and fresh green feeds. If milk production is low, use prolactin supplements. Also, sort piglets by size so that weaker ones can get enough milk. Training piglets to use specific teats improves feeding efficiency.
5. Start early feeding. Introducing solid food early helps develop the piglets' digestive system and prevents nutritional deficiencies. Begin offering small amounts of feed around one week old to encourage eating and improve long-term health.
6. Prevent diarrhea. Diarrhea is common in young pigs, often showing as white, yellowish-green stools with undigested milk particles. To control this, reduce feeding frequency and increase dry feed. Medications like oxytetracycline or tetracycline can be used, along with herbal remedies such as purslane, centella asiatica, and a bit of red root. Early prevention is key to reducing mortality.
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