In early spring, it's important to protect the mulch and maintain warmth. If the plastic film is damaged, it should be pressed down tightly with soil as soon as possible to remove any debris and improve the film’s transparency. This helps in maximizing heat retention and promoting healthy plant growth.
Water and fertilizer management must be strengthened. In late March, it's time to water the garlic fields with clear water, applying 20 kg of urea per acre. Be careful not to water too early, as this can lower the soil temperature and slow down growth. By late April, it's recommended to apply muddy water, along with 15 kg of urea or 20 kg of Lubei compound fertilizer. In early May, watering should be done with diluted solution, and 20 kg of compound fertilizer combined with 3–4 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be applied. This nutrient mix supports rapid garlic growth and meets its nutritional needs during critical development stages.
Disease and pest prevention is crucial. Common garlic diseases include yellow leaf tip, purple spot, leaf blight, and bacterial soft rot. Pests such as thrips and red spider mites can also cause damage. Yellow leaf tip is a physiological issue that often appears in late March. To treat it, spray either 1000 times diluted peptide or 500 times diluted "Dop" (a common fungicide), or use 0.3% urea solution. Apply every 7 days for two consecutive times for best results. Purple spot, leaf blight, and bacterial soft rot can be controlled using similar preventive measures. Effective treatments include copper-based fungicides like "Copper Master," "Terex," and "Thiophanate Methyl."
For thrips control, it's best to water the roots with 1000 times diluted insecticide in late March or early April, or combine it with 750–800 times diluted Omethoate. Red spider mites can be managed by spraying products like "Old Farmer" or "Vegetable Worm" in late March. Regular monitoring and timely intervention are key to keeping the garlic field healthy and productive.
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