The apple golden moths are a significant threat in certain regions, particularly in orchards where the damage to leaves during the late growing season can reach 100%. In severe cases, more than 15 feeding spots may appear on a single leaf, leading to a severe loss of photosynthetic function and early defoliation. This not only weakens the tree but also reduces fruit quality and yield.
The larvae of the golden-winged moth feed from the underside of the leaves, creating oval-shaped feeding holes. As they feed, the leaf's back epidermis shrinks, causing the leaf to curl backward. On the upper surface, the damaged areas appear as yellowish-green, mesh-like patches—commonly referred to as "window-punched" leaves—accompanied by dark fecal droppings. These pests tend to cluster along the leaf edges, and when infestations are heavy, they can cover the entire leaf surface.
The life cycle of the golden-winged moth in northern China typically spans five generations per year. The overwintering stage occurs in the damaged leaves, and adults emerge in the following spring as the trees begin to grow. The first adult emergence usually occurs in late April, with subsequent generations appearing at different times: the second generation in late May to early June, the third in early July, the fourth in early August, and the fifth in late September. Later generations often overlap. By late October, the final generation of larvae prepares for winter by hiding within the damaged leaves.
Adult moths are most active during early morning and evening hours. They lay eggs on the underside of young leaves, scattering them across the foliage. Once hatched, the larvae chew through the eggshell and directly feed on the leaf tissue. As the larvae mature, they develop into pupae inside the feeding spots, with half of the pupal cases visible outside the damaged areas.
To manage this pest, several control methods can be employed. Manual control involves removing and burning fallen leaves after harvest to eliminate overwintering populations. Chemical control is most effective during the adult emergence phase of each generation. Early intervention, especially during the first generation, tends to yield better results. Commonly used insecticides include 80% dichlorvos emulsion diluted at 800 times, 50% fenitrothion emulsion at 1000 times, 20% cypermethrin at 2000 times, 2.5% deltamethrin at 2000–3000 times, and 30% methoxyfenozide wettable powder at 1200 times. Additionally, 25% diflubenzuron suspension at 1000 times has shown good efficacy in controlling infestations.
Proper monitoring and timely application of these measures are essential to prevent widespread damage and maintain the health of orchard crops.
Frozen Tuna,Frozen Tuna Sashimi,Tuna Head Frozen,Peeled Tuna Frozen
Zhejiang Ocean Family Co., Ltd., , https://www.ocean-family.com