Late autumn crops fall down and save

In the late autumn season in Daejeon, farmers encountered three main types of crop damage: lodging, stem fall, and stem folding. Each condition leads to different levels of yield loss, depending on the severity and timing of the event. When crops experience lodging, their stems simply tilt but often recover naturally once weather conditions improve. However, stem folding is more serious—this occurs when the stalk breaks, making recovery nearly impossible. In such cases, it's difficult to implement effective rescue measures. Root lodging, on the other hand, causes the lateral roots to lift, leading to a gradual fall of the stalks. The leaves and ears may touch the ground, reducing water content and sunlight exposure. This weakens photosynthesis, delays ripening, and ultimately lowers yields. Timely intervention is crucial to minimize these losses. During the late growth stages of corn, most lodging is root-related. Because the upper part of the plant is heavier, it becomes challenging for the plants to stand upright after a storm. The longer the delay in recovery, the greater the yield reduction. When lifting the plants, it's important to create an appropriate angle between the stem and the ground. If the stem is forced straight up, it can cause more damage. Research has shown that an angle of 30 to 50 degrees is ideal for corn. The earlier the intervention, the better. At the same time, proper soil cultivation around the roots should be carried out to support recovery. For sorghum, the best approach is to bundle the plants immediately. Three to five stalks are tied together using their own leaves. The binding should be done at the upper part of the plant so that each plant tilts slightly without overlapping. This prevents pressure on the spikes and keeps the plants open. It’s important to avoid damaging the lower functional leaves, as they play a key role in grain development. The sooner the bundling is done, the better. Ideally, this should be completed within two days. If millet experiences root damage later in the growing season, the stems may lie flat on the ground, leading to root death and disease spread, which further reduces yield. Field tests have shown that using sticks to lift the leaves from the ground, rather than raising the entire plant, increased yield by 25 kg per mu compared to raising the plants at a 60-degree angle the day after the storm. This method results in fewer wounds, faster regrowth, and higher productivity. For lighter lodging cases, topdressing and soil cultivation can help reduce yield loss effectively. Overall, timely and careful management after lodging events is essential to ensure the health of the crops and maximize harvest potential.

Phenibut FAA

Preparation of Fenebute

1. Prepare the first intermediate

Benzaldehyde and ethyl acetoacetate into ethanol, stir at room temperature under the catalysis of organic alkali reaction with filter cake filtration after 45 ~ 50 h, after the completion of the filter with ethanol elution filter cake, dry cake solids, then ethanol filtrate concentrated to a quarter of the original volume, to cold, concentrate filtering alcohol washing, solid, merging two solid is the first intermediate; The mole ratio of benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and ethanol is 1:2.5 -3:12-15.

2. Prepare the second intermediate

The first intermediate is added to the mass concentration of 20% sodium hydroxide solution, and the reaction is stirred at 85-90°C for 2-5 hours. After filtration, the filter cake is used for filtration. After filtration, the filter cake is washed, the filtrate is combined and cooled, and the filtrate is cooled by stirring for 3h. Solid second intermediate; The mass ratio of the first intermediate to the sodium hydroxide solution is I: 1.8-2.0;

3. Prepare the third intermediate

The second intermediate was dissolved in pure acetic anhydride solution for reflux 3 ~ 5h. After the reflux, the acetic anhydride was concentrated and dissolved with toluene. After the dissolution, ammonia water was added, and the reaction took place at 60_65°C for 1 ~ 1.5 h. Filtrate, wash and dry the precipitated solid to get the solid third intermediate; The mass ratio of the second intermediate, pure acetic anhydride solution, toluene and ammonia water is 5:1-1.2:0.5-0.8:0.5-0.8;

4. Prepare Finebute

The third intermediate was dissolved in 25% sodium hydroxide solution and cooled to _5°C ~ 10°C. After cooling, sodium hypochlorite was added slowly within 15-20min for 1h reaction, followed by ice bath reaction of 0.5 ~ 1.5 h and water bath reaction of 0.5 ~ 1.5 h. Finally, the temperature was gradually increased to 60 ~ 80°C for 1-5 h, and the reaction was cooled again after completion. After cooling, hydrochloric acid was added in the ice water bath to adjust the PH to 2, and the decolorization was stirred at room temperature. After filtration, sodium hydroxide was added in the ice water bath to adjust the PH to 6-7, and the cooling was stirred for 2 hours. The mass ratio of the third intermediate, sodium hydroxide solution and sodium hypochlorite is 1.0:0.8-1.0:1.0-1.1.

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