1. Seed Harvesting
Seed fields are typically harvested when the plants are 23 years old. The seeds usually mature in August and September, and they are collected in batches during different stages to minimize natural seed loss. This method ensures better seed retention and quality.
2. Commodity Harvesting
1. Harvesting Period: The peak growth period for cultivated *Astragalus membranaceus* is at three years of age, and the active ingredient content is highest during this time, particularly in September. Therefore, it's recommended to harvest after a three-year cultivation cycle, ideally starting in mid-to-late September to ensure optimal quality.
2. Harvesting Method: Both mechanical and manual methods can be used depending on the scale of production. When harvesting manually, it's important to dig deeply and clean the roots thoroughly, removing any remaining stems and soil. After initial cleaning, the roots are transported to the drying area, where they are protected from rain and moisture. Once the roots are about 90% dry, they are processed using a roller-type crusher, operating at 21–24 revolutions per minute for 15 minutes. This process helps remove the outer bark effectively, and after that, the roots are dried further to complete the processing.
Market Prospects
Huangqi (Astragalus) has a long history of use in traditional Chinese medicine and its demand continues to grow. It is widely used in traditional formulas, as a raw material for proprietary medicines, and in exported products such as *Shuanghuanglian* powder and oral liquid. The international market for these products is expanding, indicating strong future potential. As a result, the demand for high-quality Huangqi is increasing steadily. With growing interest in herbal medicine and the development of artificial cultivation techniques, the prospects for yellow peony (a related species) are also becoming more promising. The industry is expected to develop further, offering great opportunities for farmers and producers alike. (Du Yongxiang, Senior Agronomist, Heilongjiang Provincial Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine)
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