Soil cultivation for canola is typically carried out from late April to early May. Once the rape is harvested, the stalks are usually left in the field. To speed up decomposition, 30 to 40 kilograms of carbon per acre is applied, or biogas slurry or manure is used to adjust the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. For soil preparation, the LZS-23 paddy field plow or a tractor-mounted rotary tiller is commonly used. The land is turned over 2 to 3 times to ensure thorough mixing. After leveling the field, rice seedlings are transplanted.
In no-till rapeseed cultivation in paddy fields, where the multiple cropping index is high, it's important to maintain balanced production and promote early growth of the second rice crop. A base fertilizer application is essential. Typically, after rotary tilling, 13 kg of urea and 10 kg of potash per mu are applied, or 25 kg of compound fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer.
For early rice varieties, it's recommended to select high-quality, high-yield strains with compact plant structures, strong lodging resistance, good tillering ability, and good resistance to late maturity. Varieties such as Xiangzaoxian 31, Xiangzao 32, Zhongyouza 81, Jinyou 402, Xiangzaoxian No. 42, Zhongjian 100, Jinyou 463, Jinyou 974, Zhuliangyou 02, and Zhuliangyou 819 (hybrid combinations) are suitable choices.
Seedling raising and planting should be done for early-season rice varieties, while medium and late-maturing varieties are also selected based on local conditions. The planting density is generally between 2.5 to 29,000 plants per mu, with 15 to 190,000 basic seedlings. Some farmers also use two-stage seedling methods for better results.
From the tillering stage to the booting stage, after transplanting, the field should be kept moist with a thin layer of water. Apply 5–7 kg of potassium chloride and 5 kg of urea per mu along with pre-emergence herbicides. Keep the water level for about a week, then allow it to dry naturally. Throughout the growing period, moisture should be carefully managed. During the high-yield phase, early exposure to sunlight, heavy drying, and root development are crucial to prevent lodging. After rewatering, apply 5 kg of urea or 10 kg of compound fertilizer per mu as a top-dressing based on leaf color.
After heading and during the grain-filling stage, foliar fertilizers like "High-Energy Red Potassium" and "Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate" can be sprayed. Additionally, plant growth regulators such as "Shuofeng 481" and "Grain Full" can be applied. These practices help prevent premature aging, early solidification, and early maturation, leading to increased yield and improved quality, ultimately boosting productivity and income.
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