Cotton is the main cash crop on my farm, covering approximately 2000 hectares. During drought years, the average damage rate caused by cotton leafhoppers reaches about 25%, with some plots experiencing up to 40% damage. From 2005 to 2007, our farm imported predatory mites from the Shipushi Station to control cotton leafhoppers for three consecutive years. The results were impressive, showing clear economic and ecological benefits.
The basic principle of using predatory mites involves their role as natural predators of cotton leafhoppers, helping to control pest populations without the need for chemical pesticides. This method is safer for humans and animals, targets pests before they cause significant damage, and is cost-effective. Compared to traditional chemical control, which costs between 20 to 30 yuan per 667 square meters, the use of predatory mites costs only 10 to 15 yuan per acre, significantly reducing expenses. Additionally, it requires less labor and offers longer-lasting effects.
To maximize effectiveness, we planned the release of predatory mites in three stages: June 3-8, June 9-15, and June 16-21. The timing was based on insect monitoring, focusing on areas with poor growth or dry conditions. Predatory mite bags were hung on the petioles of cotton leaves, with 6 bags per 667 square meters for prevention, and up to 15 bags for more severe infestations. No broad-spectrum insecticides were used during this period to avoid harming the predatory mites.
We also conducted regular inspections 5 to 7 days after release to monitor the impact. Insect monitoring was a key step, with technicians and field staff assessing the number of infested plants and deciding whether to release mites based on the scale of infestation.
During the winter season, we organized training sessions and used cable TV to educate workers about the benefits of using predatory mites. This helped increase awareness and adoption of the technique.
The results showed that after the release of predatory mites, the damage rate dropped to zero, while in chemically controlled fields, it remained at 42.3%. By using predatory mites, we saved over 405,700 yuan in pesticide costs within three years and reduced spraying operations by 3 to 4 times, saving an additional 16,900 yuan in labor costs. The overall cost savings reached 3,182,840 yuan over three years.
Despite these successes, challenges remain. Predatory mites are hard to distinguish from eggs with the naked eye, and their slow, long-term effect sometimes leads to unauthorized pesticide use. Some companies released mites in small, scattered areas, resulting in limited effectiveness. Poor transportation and storage facilities also posed difficulties.
To address these issues, we plan to enhance training and publicize the benefits of predatory mites more widely. Organizational efforts must be improved, ensuring timely and coordinated releases. Accurate pest forecasting and large-scale, unified application methods will help achieve better control and long-term sustainability.
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