Spring cauliflower "scattered flower" occurs when the cauliflower head is in the early stage of bulb expansion and stem elongation. Due to uneven growth, the flower buds spread outwards instead of forming a tight center, resulting in a loose, uncompact head that does not hold tightly. Some flower buds may develop a purple-green velvet-like appearance after elongation, and the buds gradually form into small florets. Overall, the entire bud resembles a chicken's foot. This condition significantly reduces the quality and market value of the produce, as well as lowers yield. Therefore, it is crucial to take preventive measures to avoid this issue.
The main prevention strategies include:
First, choose high-hybridization varieties to prevent the "reversion" phenomenon caused by improper selection of cauliflower types. This helps maintain consistent and desirable traits in the crop.
Second, select different varieties based on cultivation needs—early, mid, or late maturing. Each variety has a specific growing period (early varieties take 70 days, mid take 80–90 days, and late ones take 100–120 days). Determining the right harvest time according to the variety ensures optimal quality and prevents overgrowth.
Third, during the seedling stage, protect the plants from cold temperatures. Use plastic covers or other protective methods to maintain a temperature between 17°C and 20°C, ensuring it doesn’t drop below 8°C. For late varieties, timely harvesting is essential to avoid high temperatures, which can trigger premature flowering and reduce quality.
Fourth, use nutrient-rich seedling solutions or nutrient bags to provide sufficient space for each plant. This helps create strong, healthy seedlings ready for transplanting. A healthy seedling should have 6–8 true leaves, compact growth, short internodes, dark green foliage, a well-developed root system, and a height of 15–18 cm. Only transplant seedlings that meet these standards to ensure better growth and higher yields.
Fifth, ensure proper water and fertilizer supply. Apply balanced fertilization: use 3,000 to 5,000 kg of well-decomposed organic manure per acre as base fertilizer. During the seedling stage, apply micro-nutrients in a 1:1 soil-to-fertilizer ratio. After transplanting, add 50 kg of ammonium nitrate, 30 kg of potassium sulfate, and 5 kg of full-element fertilizer per acre. Water moderately—after watering for 3–4 hours, the soil should be moist but not waterlogged.
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