Release date: 2006-09-18
Medical equipment is an important field in the use of aerospace technology achievements With the successful success of China's "Shenwu" and "Shenzhou VI" manned space flight, aerospace technology has aroused people's extensive attention and interest. In fact, on the basis of this, the astronauts began to produce "God Seven" or "God Eight" with updated technology. Therefore, constant pursuit of new is the eternal pursuit and characteristics of aerospace technology.
However, one cannot deny that the actual utilization rate of high-tech developed in the aerospace field, regardless of cost, is greatly limited by the nature of the space itself.
Therefore, how to make better use of the existing aerospace technology achievements and give full play to its economic value and technical role has become a work content that the space department should consider and pay attention to.
The author has published a essay in a related magazine recently, introducing some examples of NASA's transfer of aerospace technology to the medical device field.
For example, in the mid-1960s, when NASA prepared its Apollo mission to the moon, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) developed a technology called digital image processing that enhanced the processing of the moon's photos through computers. This technology later became an important basic technology for the NASA Earth Resources Exploration Satellite to distinguish the surface features of the Earth. In medicine, it is used to develop digital image processing technology for human imaging such as CT and MRI.
Among these aerospace technologies transferred to the medical device field, some are active commercial R&D activities of NASA itself. For example, in January 1992, the FDA approved NASA's jet propulsion laboratory for remote sensing of the Earth's ozone layer, the first of which originated from laser technology. New surgical approach. This is an excimer laser that emits "cold" light at 65 °C. At the time of surgery, a small catheter is inserted into the coronary artery. The laser is transmitted through the fiber beam within the conduit.
Another set of fiber beams emits light at the ends, providing a video image of the artery. By observing the video image, the doctor can find the extent of the blockage and emit a short pulse of laser beam to vaporize it. Other types of lasers are too hot for such fine heart surgery, and 65 ° C during this procedure is a temperature that human tissue can tolerate.
Another example is the photodynamic therapy of tumors that has been around for many years. The source of light used to activate photosensitizers (light-sensitive tumor treatments) uses lasers. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) used in plantation experiments on the space shuttle are being used to treat photodynamic therapy in patients with brain cancer.
The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) of the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC), in collaboration with the Quantum Devices Division, uses LEDs to activate intravenously injected photosensitizers. Photoactivation allows the drug to destroy cancerous cells without substantially touching the surrounding normal tissue. Thanks to more than five years of research and experimentation, LED probes have received FDA approval.
Cancer treatment trials using LEDs, including skin cancer and brain tumor patients, have promising results. However, the shift of LED technology from the space shuttle experiment to the medical world is just one example of how NASA's commercial space research leads to improving the quality of life on Earth.
As another example, NASA at the Ames Research Center in Moffett Field, California, developed a new type of transmitter that looks like a small capsule for monitoring the blood pressure and body temperature of astronauts on the International Space Station. However, application research in other fields is also being carried out. For example, the transmitter can be implanted in the uterus of a pregnant woman to monitor the activity of the fetus; if swallowed, the intestinal activity can be monitored.
Various transmitters for monitoring athletes and highly stressed professionals such as firefighters and soldiers are also being developed.
Some are designed to help the development of the company's requirements. As people think, NASA can leave the earth, and by sensing the infrared radiation emitted by stars and planets, it can measure the temperature of these distant objects. Technology has achieved new developments.
Thus, Diatek Ltd. of San Diego, Calif., asked NASA to help them develop sensor technology for handheld thermometers. This handheld thermometer can detect body temperature in less than two seconds. There is a probe on the thermometer. When checking, it should be inserted into the ear for testing. Even if the patient is asleep, it is OK. After use, discard the probe and replace it with a new one to prevent cross-infection. Checking the body temperature in two seconds improves efficiency and saves time.
In another example, in the medical world, the production of artificial limbs is called prosthetics. This area also includes orthopedic aids such as knee and neck support. Harshberger Repair and Correction Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA, specializes in making such devices.
Harshberger wants to expand the scale of making artificial prostheses. This would require replacing the plaster and corn starch materials used to make new arms and legs, as well as molds for similar devices. Plaster molds are heavy and fragile and difficult to transport and store. Harshberger asked the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, if they could help.
MSFC and Lockheed-Martin are responsible for the construction of the space shuttle outer box (ET). The ET is covered with a heat insulating foam. It protects the ET from heat and keeps the liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen in the tank at a suitably cold temperature. ET's insulation is light and powerful, and it works more easily with machinery than with plaster. It is also important that the foam is not expensive to use.
Harshberger tried to assemble the artificial prosthetic mold with the outer box insulation foam and achieved success. Companies can reduce the cost of manufacturing artificial prostheses, thereby reducing patient costs. The artificial prosthesis made by NASA technology is both durable and cost-effective. Nowadays, foam "blanks" for making molds have been mass-produced and have begun to be promoted to artificial prosthetic manufacturers throughout the United States.
It is not difficult to see from the above examples, how much NASA in the United States attaches great importance to the full use of space technology, not only actively research and development, but also has an open contact with small and medium-sized enterprises in society, which can be used together. Study or provide assistance and support within your power.
Having said that, the author cannot afford to go to the aerospace sector in China. In China's space system, there are also some manufacturers who are engaged in the field of medical devices, but they are only affiliated with the aerospace system. They do not directly apply the existing aerospace technology as the NASA in the United States, including medical devices. Secondary research and development in other areas.
This cannot be said to be a big gap in our management philosophy. After all, we are still developing countries, and we should pay more attention to how to exert the potential potential of various advanced technologies, especially the aerospace technology with huge investment, short service life and high renewal rate. It is necessary to establish such a mechanism and system. Try to recover the initial R&D costs as much as possible, and get more input and output returns.
It is reported that my space department is also interested in research and development production in the field of medical devices, which is indeed a good sign. I hope that we should not only be satisfied with setting up several production plants that are out of aerospace technology, but should be like their own work in NASA, helping and supporting existing medical device companies, how to do more in core technology. Develop key technologies with independent intellectual property rights.
We believe that China's space system with the brilliant achievements of "God Five" and "Shenzhou VI" will certainly become the vanguard in the field of medical equipment in China. This is the author's wish and the hope of the medical device industry.
The author is Mr. Yang Guozhong, a researcher at the Institute of Medical Information, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.
- Information from: World Medical Devices Author: Yang Guozhong
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