XIII. Insect pest control of broad bean The major pests of broad bean are aphids and broad bean pods.
1. Aphids Aphids, also known as worms, and worms, are one of the major pests in broad bean production. The locust not only directly sucks the juice in the leaves, but also affects the growth of the broad bean. What is more serious is that it spreads viral diseases, causing the leaves to shrink, fade, and the plants become short, affecting the growth and development of the broad bean, the yield decline, or even the death of the plants, and the particles fail to receive. The locusts are very fertile and can fly to eliminate maggots before they multiply. Chemical control should be performed in a large area and be effective.
2. Broad bean pods Broad bean pods are commonly known as bean tortoises, bean cows, bean monkeys, bean worms, and stone flies. They are the main pests of broad bean varieties. When the faba bean blossoms, the adult flies to the faba bean, which eats pollen, nectar, and petals. When the clams are formed, they lay eggs on the young clams. After the eggs hatch, the larvae drill into the soybean meal to harm the beans. As the beans grow, the larvae grow in the beans. Also grow up. Post-harvest larvae larvae in the beans. Damaged bean kernels lose nutrients, decrease in quality, change color of seed coat, deteriorate edible taste, and even inedible, and also affect germination. Damaged bean seeds are generally above 10%, or even 50%. Soybean sprouts occur once a year. Adults spend winters in bean pods, warehouses, wall joints, and bark cracks. When the faba bean blossoms in the spring of the next year, it flies to the fields, feeds and lays eggs on young pods. Therefore, the best period of prevention and control is before the larvae have died.
Control methods:
1. This method can be used when there are few seeds in boiled water and the insecticidal effect can reach 100% without affecting the germination and quality of seeds. Its practice is to dry the broad beans after harvesting threshing, put 80% water in the pot, pour the beans seeds into the bamboo basket, and after the water is boiled, dip the bamboo basket into the pan and the hot-stuffing time is 30 seconds. At the start of the timer, the bamboo basket was placed in boiling water, and stirring was continued. When the time was up, the bamboo basket was taken out immediately, cooled in cold water, and then dried and stored in the sun.
2. Field control In the faba bean flowering stage, use 90% crystal trichlorfon 1:2000-3000 times water solution, or use 50% trichlorfon water 1000 times, spray in the sunny next year, 100 kilograms of liquid per acre The control effect can reach 90%.
XIV. Broad bean varieties China's broad bean resources are very rich and there are many fine varieties.
1. Cixi Large White Silkworm This is a local late-maturing variety in Cixi City, Zhejiang Province. General and cotton, intercropping, per mu more than 200 kg. Large-grained varieties, about 100 grams of 100-grain weight, white, light and clean. With a protein content of 29.5%, good taste, high commodity value, and international sales. Tillage conditions are strict and moisture resistance is poor. Seed before and after the local frost fall, mature at the end of May the following year. 12.5 kg per acre sowing rate.
2. Shangtian Jiqing This is a local mid-maturing variety in Shangyu County of Zhejiang Province. It is resistant to moisture and late sowing and is suitable for planting in plain water net areas. The seed coat is green, about 100 grams of kernel weight is about 80 grams, and the protein content is 31.5%. The planting at the end of October in the local area, mature in late May next year, yield 150 kg per mu, sowing rate of 10 kg per mu.
3. Chongli Broad Beans This is a local variety in Chongli County, Hebei Province. Precocious, light yellow skin, 100-grain weight 110-120 grams, protein content of about 24.0%, plant compact, hi water fertilizer, suitable for close planting. Sowing in the local area in early May, before harvesting frost, the yield per mu can reach 200-250 kilograms. This variety is suitable for fried or fried crispy, good taste, best-selling in the international market.
4. Linxia Maya This is a local breed in Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province. Late maturity, strong spring, the number of days of fertility 155-170 days, plant tall. Testa milky white. 100-grain weight 120 grams, protein content of 23.7%, suitable for planting at an altitude of 1700 to 2500 meters, about 160 days frost-free period in the Shanyin and Shuichuan. Should be properly sparse, 1.0 to 12,000 per acre. The average yield is 250-350 kilograms per mu; 450 kilograms is high.
5. Wuyuan Maya is a local breed of Wuyuan County, Qinghai Province. (To be continued)
1. Aphids Aphids, also known as worms, and worms, are one of the major pests in broad bean production. The locust not only directly sucks the juice in the leaves, but also affects the growth of the broad bean. What is more serious is that it spreads viral diseases, causing the leaves to shrink, fade, and the plants become short, affecting the growth and development of the broad bean, the yield decline, or even the death of the plants, and the particles fail to receive. The locusts are very fertile and can fly to eliminate maggots before they multiply. Chemical control should be performed in a large area and be effective.
2. Broad bean pods Broad bean pods are commonly known as bean tortoises, bean cows, bean monkeys, bean worms, and stone flies. They are the main pests of broad bean varieties. When the faba bean blossoms, the adult flies to the faba bean, which eats pollen, nectar, and petals. When the clams are formed, they lay eggs on the young clams. After the eggs hatch, the larvae drill into the soybean meal to harm the beans. As the beans grow, the larvae grow in the beans. Also grow up. Post-harvest larvae larvae in the beans. Damaged bean kernels lose nutrients, decrease in quality, change color of seed coat, deteriorate edible taste, and even inedible, and also affect germination. Damaged bean seeds are generally above 10%, or even 50%. Soybean sprouts occur once a year. Adults spend winters in bean pods, warehouses, wall joints, and bark cracks. When the faba bean blossoms in the spring of the next year, it flies to the fields, feeds and lays eggs on young pods. Therefore, the best period of prevention and control is before the larvae have died.
Control methods:
1. This method can be used when there are few seeds in boiled water and the insecticidal effect can reach 100% without affecting the germination and quality of seeds. Its practice is to dry the broad beans after harvesting threshing, put 80% water in the pot, pour the beans seeds into the bamboo basket, and after the water is boiled, dip the bamboo basket into the pan and the hot-stuffing time is 30 seconds. At the start of the timer, the bamboo basket was placed in boiling water, and stirring was continued. When the time was up, the bamboo basket was taken out immediately, cooled in cold water, and then dried and stored in the sun.
2. Field control In the faba bean flowering stage, use 90% crystal trichlorfon 1:2000-3000 times water solution, or use 50% trichlorfon water 1000 times, spray in the sunny next year, 100 kilograms of liquid per acre The control effect can reach 90%.
XIV. Broad bean varieties China's broad bean resources are very rich and there are many fine varieties.
1. Cixi Large White Silkworm This is a local late-maturing variety in Cixi City, Zhejiang Province. General and cotton, intercropping, per mu more than 200 kg. Large-grained varieties, about 100 grams of 100-grain weight, white, light and clean. With a protein content of 29.5%, good taste, high commodity value, and international sales. Tillage conditions are strict and moisture resistance is poor. Seed before and after the local frost fall, mature at the end of May the following year. 12.5 kg per acre sowing rate.
2. Shangtian Jiqing This is a local mid-maturing variety in Shangyu County of Zhejiang Province. It is resistant to moisture and late sowing and is suitable for planting in plain water net areas. The seed coat is green, about 100 grams of kernel weight is about 80 grams, and the protein content is 31.5%. The planting at the end of October in the local area, mature in late May next year, yield 150 kg per mu, sowing rate of 10 kg per mu.
3. Chongli Broad Beans This is a local variety in Chongli County, Hebei Province. Precocious, light yellow skin, 100-grain weight 110-120 grams, protein content of about 24.0%, plant compact, hi water fertilizer, suitable for close planting. Sowing in the local area in early May, before harvesting frost, the yield per mu can reach 200-250 kilograms. This variety is suitable for fried or fried crispy, good taste, best-selling in the international market.
4. Linxia Maya This is a local breed in Linxia Prefecture, Gansu Province. Late maturity, strong spring, the number of days of fertility 155-170 days, plant tall. Testa milky white. 100-grain weight 120 grams, protein content of 23.7%, suitable for planting at an altitude of 1700 to 2500 meters, about 160 days frost-free period in the Shanyin and Shuichuan. Should be properly sparse, 1.0 to 12,000 per acre. The average yield is 250-350 kilograms per mu; 450 kilograms is high.
5. Wuyuan Maya is a local breed of Wuyuan County, Qinghai Province. (To be continued)
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