Recently, the Ministry of Agriculture announced that it is expected that the wheat scab in 2017 will continue to be in a pandemic situation in the Yangtze River Basin, Jianghuai and Huanghuai wheat areas, and it is necessary to implement a prevention and control area of ​​nearly 200 million mu! Therefore, this year, wheat is grown. Farmers' friends should focus on the prevention and control of the damage caused by scab! The following misunderstandings must not be ignored!
One: I am lucky about the occurrence of scab and rely on old experience to solve new problems.
Wheat scab is a typical climatic disease caused by several species of Fusarium. Its epidemic is affected by various factors such as bacterial source, variety resistance, agro-ecological environment and cultivation management measures. In the prevention and treatment of diseases, we must look at it three times. "Look at the sky, see the seedlings, and see the land."
To comprehensively consider the factors of the disease, some farmers cannot comprehensively consider the above factors, fail to fully understand the symptoms, epidemics, and morbidity factors of scab, and only pay attention to the changes in the weather (rainwater and temperature) with reference to the old experience, while ignoring the humidity in the field and Although the factors affecting the variety differences did not occur in a wide range of diseases, it also caused the occurrence of diseases, which affected the increase of wheat yield and quality.
Second: re-treatment and light prevention, see the disease medication, miss the best prevention period.
Wheat scab can be prevented from being incurable. It should be prevention-oriented, and the traditional practice of active defense and re-treatment of light and light prevention is not conducive to the prevention and control of scab. At the same time, the choice of the period of use in the disease prevention process will directly affect the level of control. Numerous data on the period of application of scab are “heading period to flowering stageâ€. During such a long period of drug use, there is a big difference in the effect of drug use in different time periods.
Some farmers choose to use medicine at the booting stage or at the end of the flowering stage. Some even see the pink mold layer and then use the medicine. They do not have a good grasp of the best prevention period, and the control effect is low. Through field investigations, it was found that the best control period was from 5% wheat to 5%.
At the same time, there are several situations to be fully considered. The heading period is fine and the temperature is high. The wheat is plucked and the flowers are raised at the heading stage. The heading period can be used. The temperature at the heading stage is low, the sunshine is small, and the wheat is first taken after the heading, and the medicine should be used at the beginning flowering stage. When the heading period meets the rainy weather, when the scab is probable, the spray should not be late, don't wait until the weather is fine or when the flower is sprayed, the spray should be sprayed several times; if the system is good The period of long-lasting drug control can be advanced to the early stage of wheat heading.
Three: blindly choose the agent, ignoring the problem of complementary drug resistance and mechanism of action.
Currently, there are 248 pharmacies registered in the Ministry of Agriculture for the control of wheat and wheat scab (as of March 2013). Among them, carbendazim (97 registration certificates), thiophanate-methyl (50 registration certificates), polyketones (35 registration certificates), and Fumeishuang (21 registration certificates) were registered. 81.85% of the total number of registration certificates.
In recent years, farmers have generally reported that carbendazim is not working, and the effects of other agents are not good. It is impossible to rule out the problem of the quality of some pesticides. The relationship between resistant strains should also be considered, and it will be different from the farmers in the process of drug use. There is a close relationship between the use of the agent and the compounding mechanism.
The spraying of benzimidazole fungicides such as carbendazim is one of the key measures for the prevention and control of wheat scab in China since the mid-1970s. It is recommended to actively pay attention to new varieties, such as tebuconazole, prochloraz (mixed mil), and cymene (Jing). At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct mixing of different mechanisms of action, to ensure that the drugs used have the multiple effects of systemic treatment, protection and eradication, and comprehensively prevent the spread of disease.
Four: The water consumption per mu is too small, which is not conducive to the efficacy of the drug.
According to the interview, some farmers in the wheat area use the conventional sprayer to spray more than 15 liters of water per mu, and the lesser is only 10 liters. Such a small amount of water will affect the normal function of the drug. In order to ensure the efficacy of the drug, if the use of conventional sprayer, the amount of water should be between 45 liters and 60 liters, or add a potency guarantee agent, such as spread.
Five: The number of medications cannot be correctly mastered.
There is no fixed standard for the number of medications. It is necessary to comprehensively consider factors such as the amount of bacteria, the incidence of the disease, and the effects of chemical control. It is necessary to carry out two prevention and control measures for the plots that have been seriously affected in previous years, and pay attention to the post-rain spray, for the first dose effect. If you are not good, you should take remedial measures in time. You can use the second agent about 7 days after the first dose to better control the spread of the bacteria and reduce the loss.
A comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of scab, master the law of onset, grasp the best prevention period, choose the right preventive agent and apply it correctly, and minimize the disease loss.
This article URL: Is there a specific drug for wheat scab? How to prevent scab in wheat planting
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