On cloudy days, when there is insufficient light and high humidity in the mushroom shed, especially with poor ventilation, Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushrooms) are highly susceptible to two common diseases: soft rot and bacterial scab. These issues can significantly reduce yield and quality if not properly managed. So, how can we effectively prevent these problems? Based on our hands-on experience in mushroom cultivation, we have developed a comprehensive set of strategies that have proven effective in controlling these diseases. Here are the key methods we recommend: 1. **Use disease-resistant varieties**: Selecting the right strains is crucial. Varieties like Hebei Spore-Free or Jiangsu Wild Wind are known for their strong mycelium growth and resistance to diseases. They also produce higher yields and healthier fruiting bodies. 2. **Improve air circulation**: Proper ventilation is essential. Regularly opening vents or using fans helps maintain good airflow, reducing the risk of fungal and bacterial growth. 3. **Control humidity with the sewer water method**: Keeping the relative humidity at around 65% is ideal. Using this method ensures the environment remains suitable without being too damp, which can lead to disease outbreaks. 4. **Disinfect the growing area**: Sprinkle Baiyou powder on the walls and floors of the mushroom shed. It’s cost-effective and has excellent disinfectant properties, helping to eliminate harmful pathogens. 5. **Apply a combination of fungicides and bactericides**: - Formula 1: Mix 2.5 million units of agricultural streptomycin, 50% clotrimazole, 10 grams of Green Wind 95, and 14 kg of water. - Formula 2: Combine 2.5 million units of agricultural streptomycin, 9550 ml of Green Wind, 17 grams of Green Fenwei No. 1, and 14 kg of water. Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that targets bacteria, while clotrimazole is effective against fungi. When used together, they provide a more powerful defense. Green Wind 95 helps regulate the mushroom's metabolism and supports growth, while Green Fenwei No. 1 acts as a nutrient booster. This blend not only strengthens the mushrooms' immunity but also helps eliminate existing infections. **Application method**: Choose one of the formulas and mix it into a spray solution. Apply it directly to the fruiting bodies once daily, ensuring even coverage without dripping. Typically, two applications are enough, and full recovery may be seen after three treatments. Avoid spraying water directly on the fruiting bodies during treatment to prevent further moisture buildup. By following these steps, you can significantly reduce the risk of disease and ensure a healthier, more productive mushroom harvest.
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