On cloudy days, when there is insufficient light, the relative humidity inside the mushroom shed tends to be high. In such conditions, if ventilation is poor, *Pleurotus ostreatus* (oyster mushrooms) are highly susceptible to two common diseases: soft rot and bacterial scab. These issues can significantly reduce yield and quality, making it essential to implement effective prevention strategies. So, how can we avoid these problems? Based on our hands-on experience in mushroom cultivation, we have developed a set of practical and comprehensive methods to help growers manage and prevent these diseases effectively. First, it’s important to select disease-resistant mushroom varieties and cultivate strong, healthy mycelium. For example, varieties like *Hebei Spore-Free* or *Jiangsu Wild Wind* show excellent resistance and robust fruiting bodies. These strains not only produce higher yields but also have better immunity against common pathogens. Second, improving air circulation is crucial. Ensure that the mushroom shed is well-ventilated to reduce moisture buildup and lower the risk of disease development. Regular cleaning of the environment also helps maintain a healthier growing space. Third, maintaining the right level of humidity is key. Using the "sewer water method" can help keep the relative humidity around 65%, which is ideal for oyster mushroom growth without creating an overly damp environment that promotes disease. Fourth, regular disinfection of the shed is necessary. Sprinkling *Baiyou powder* on the walls and surfaces is an affordable and effective way to sterilize the area and prevent microbial contamination. Fifth, applying a combination of fungicides and bactericides can provide additional protection. Here are two recommended formulas: 1. Mix 2.5 million units of agricultural streptomycin, 50% clotrimazole, 10 grams of Green Wind 95, and 14 kg of water. 2. Alternatively, use 2.5 million units of agricultural streptomycin, 9550 ml of Green Wind, 17 grams of Green Fenwei No. 1, and 14 kg of water. Streptomycin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that targets bacteria, while clotrimazole is effective against fungal infections. When used together, they work synergistically to suppress both bacterial and fungal threats. Green Wind 95 helps regulate plant metabolism and promotes healthy growth, while Green Fenwei No. 1 acts as a nutrient booster, enhancing the overall resilience of the mushrooms. To apply, mix one of the above solutions and spray the fruiting bodies once daily. The solution should be applied evenly, ensuring the surface is moist but not dripping. Typically, two applications are sufficient for recovery, with a third application if needed. Avoid spraying water directly on the fruiting bodies during treatment. By following these steps, you can significantly reduce the risk of soft rot and bacterial scab, leading to a healthier crop and better harvests. Proper care and timely intervention are key to successful mushroom farming.
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