To maintain a healthy mushroom cultivation environment, it's essential to keep the growing area clean and promptly remove harvested mushrooms and waste. Before each use, the mushroom house, bed frames, and all tools must be thoroughly disinfected using either a 50-times diluted Venus disinfectant solution or a 2% bleach solution. This is especially important if there was a previous outbreak of disease. Additionally, the mushrooms themselves should also be disinfected when necessary.
When mixing the growing materials, any mold present must be mixed with water at a ratio of 1:1000 to ensure proper sanitization. It's crucial to avoid using high-toxicity or high-residue antifungal agents, as they can harm both the mushrooms and the environment. The culture materials should be fully sterilized before planting to reduce the risk of contamination.
Temperature control in the mushroom house is critical. The temperature should be kept below 15°C, and high humidity should be avoided. During hot weather, increase ventilation and manage heat by opening windows, removing covers, or using shade nets. If the temperature rises suddenly, take immediate cooling measures. However, be cautious about drastic temperature changes, as this can cause condensation and form a water film, which may lead to fungal growth.
As soon as signs of disease are detected, the affected mushrooms should be removed immediately. Increase ventilation, stop or reduce watering, and quickly lower the temperature. Apply treatments such as a 5% lime water solution on the surface of the growing material, or spray a solution containing 100–200 units of streptomycin or 300 units of oxytetracycline per milliliter. These treatments should be applied every 3–4 days, with a one-day break between applications. Do not reuse the same medication more than three times in a row, as this can reduce effectiveness and promote resistance.
If the disease becomes severe, the infected mushrooms should be removed, and the growing material should be cleaned or covered before applying the treatment as described above. Consistent monitoring and timely intervention are key to preventing the spread of disease and ensuring a successful harvest.
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