With the rapid growth of the cattle industry, short-term fattening practices have become increasingly popular. Many people are turning to raising beef cattle for quick profits and have seen significant economic returns. However, despite these benefits, there are still challenges that need to be addressed to ensure successful and profitable fattening. To achieve higher yields and better economic outcomes, it's essential to avoid common mistakes in the process.
First, selecting high-quality cattle is crucial. Choose crossbred animals such as Simmental, Charolais, or Limousin hybrids, which are known for their health, disease resistance, and fast growth. The calves should weigh over 250 kg, be between 1 and 2 years old, and be intact males. Look for bright eyes, moist noses, strong appetites, and a well-proportioned body with a deep chest and smooth coat.
Next, maintaining an optimal environment is key. The stable temperature should be kept between 5°C and 10°C. In winter, insulate the barn with plastic sheets and straw to retain heat, while in summer, ensure good ventilation and protection from direct sunlight. A clean, dry, and well-ventilated barn helps prevent diseases and supports healthy weight gain.
Proper feeding practices are also important. Before starting the fattening process, deworm the cattle using products like "Bommat" either through subcutaneous injection or oral administration. After three days, give them rhubarb to aid digestion. Provide clean water, feed coarse hay first, then fine feed, and always ensure fresh drinking water. Avoid grazing and excessive movement to conserve energy.
Feed management must be carefully planned based on the animal’s weight and growth rate. Early fattening might include distiller's grains, cornmeal, soybean meal, salt, and additives. As the cattle adapt, gradually increase the feed amount. Mid and late stages require adjusted rations with appropriate levels of protein and energy sources. Always use fresh, high-quality feed and avoid moldy or contaminated materials. If urea is used instead of soybean meal, dissolve it in water first and limit daily intake to no more than 100 grams per cow.
Disease prevention and hygiene are critical. Regular vaccinations and proper sanitation help reduce illness risks. Clean feeding equipment twice daily, and disinfect the barn with lime or caustic soda. Keep the area free from outsiders to prevent disease spread.
Finally, timing the slaughter is essential. Aim for a 3-4 month fattening period, when the cattle reach a suitable weight with a high slaughter rate and meat yield. Monitor market prices closely—selling at the right time maximizes profit and avoids unnecessary feeding costs.
By following these guidelines, farmers can optimize their short-term fattening operations and achieve greater profitability and efficiency.
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