Improper application of pesticides, such as using high concentrations, uneven spraying, excessive amounts, or expired products, can lead to various symptoms in rice plants. Common signs include yellow-white or brown spots on leaves, which may progress to entire leaves and even whole plants turning yellow and withering. In severe cases, the plants may become brittle and fall apart. For example, when using "rice foot green" to control sheath blight, it often results in young seedlings that appear green but fail to develop properly. Similarly, the use of high concentrations of 2,4-D or dimethyltetrachloride herbicides can cause leaf deformation and other developmental abnormalities.
To prevent these issues, it's essential to thoroughly understand the pesticide's characteristics, including its type, function, application method, and safety precautions before use. Never misuse or overuse pesticides. Always follow the recommended dilution rates and application guidelines. Choosing the right timing is also crucial—such as applying dimethyltetrachloride during the tillering stage, which is generally safer. Applying the herbicide at the 5-leaf stage or after the jointing stage increases the risk of phytotoxicity.
If phytotoxicity has already occurred, immediate action is necessary. Drain the field and refill it with fresh water to flush out the chemicals. Adding quick-release fertilizer can help stimulate recovery and promote healthy growth. If herbicide damage is detected early, especially during the bud or seedling stage, applying plant ash or spraying alkaline water can help neutralize the toxic effects and reduce further damage.
It's important to stay vigilant and monitor the crop regularly. Proper training and careful handling of agrochemicals are key to maintaining healthy rice plants and ensuring a successful harvest. Always read the label carefully and follow the manufacturer's instructions to avoid unnecessary harm to your crops.
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